Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide and is the current focus of prevention and treatment in China. As the population continues to age, the number of age-related cataracts has increased greatly. Therefore, in order to understand the current prevalence of cataract and its related conditions, and to evaluate the actual effect of blindness prevention and treatment in Xinyang City, our hospital carried out the “Cataract-free City” sight restoration campaign from December 2006 to July 2007 under the guidance of the ophthalmologists from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. With this activity, we conducted a survey on the prevalence of cataract in eight counties and two districts of Xinyang City based on the population with eye diseases, in order to provide basic epidemiological information for cataract prevention and treatment, and to provide a scientific basis for the government administration to formulate policies.
1. Information and methods
1.1 General information
From December 2006 to July 2007, the city made every citizen aware of this activity through the communication of health administration departments at each level and the publicity of TV, radio and newspapers. The screening was arranged by the city health administration department and came to our hospital in batches in an organized manner. There were 3472 cases of eye disease patients. Among them, 1769 cases were male and 1703 cases were female. The examination method: If the subject does not wear
If the examinees do not wear distant corrective glasses, or wear them but do not wear them often, check the bare eye vision; if the examinees wear distant corrective glasses and wear them often, check the corrected visual acuity. The above is called daily visual acuity. If the daily life visual acuity is <0.6, the small solitary L visual acuity is checked, and the slit lamp microscope and direct examination glasses are used to check the posterior segment of the anterior eye after the visual acuity examination. Small-aperture visual acuity cannot
improve to o.6 or higher, and those whose vision loss cannot be explained by keratoconus, the fundus is examined after pupil dilatation. For those with shallow anterior chamber, no dilated pupil examination is performed. All ophthalmologic examinations were performed after seeking consent from patients and their families.
1.2 Diagnostic criteria of cataract
(1) Lens turbidity, including vacuolation, hydrolacrimation, lamellar separation, spoke turbidity, wedge turbidity, nuclear turbidity and subcapsular turbidity, etc., excluding a few point turbidities that do not affect vision.
(2) Visual acuity <0.6 in fl,solitaire, and vision loss caused by reasons other than cataract.
(3) Postoperative lens-free and IOL eyes were counted as cataracts, regardless of the subject’s or monocular diagnosis of cataract.
(4) Cataract patients are those with cataract in at least one eye, including those with visual acuity <0.05 in both eyes
If one of the two eyes has visual acuity <0.1, the affected eye is determined to be the operated eye.
1.3 Quality control
Before screening, ophthalmologists from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University trained our ophthalmologists and staff for 2 weeks. Uniform instruments, uniform examination methods and diagnostic criteria were used, and the results of each screening patient were then reviewed by an ophthalmologist with the title of attending physician or above. The most definite examination results were registered according to the patient’s ID card or account book, and detailed records of ophthalmology specialty examinations were kept.
1.4 Statistical methods
Statistical analysis was performed with SPSSl1.0 Medical Just Statistical Software.
2.Results
2.1 Cataract prevalence
There were 3472 cases of screening population coming to our hospital, 3469 cases received r examination, among which 3 cases received examination due to their own reasons Zhu, the examination rate was 99.91%. The prevalence of cataract in the screened population was 65.84%. The prevalence of cataract increased with age; the prevalence of cataract in women was higher than that in men; the prevalence of cataract in illiterate people was higher than that in non-literate people. (Table 1).
2.2 Cataract blindness and surgical load
Among the 3469 cases examined, 106 cases (3.06%) were blinded by cataract; 1047 cases (45.84%) were cataract surgery subjects. Both the cataract blindness rate and the surgical load increased with age, and were higher in women than in men, and higher in illiterate than in non-illiterate. (Table 2).
3. Discussion
3.1 Cataract prevalence
This survey is mainly based on the “Cataract Free City” sight restoration initiative in our city. The prevalence of cataract was significantly higher than that of general apricot because most of the patients were examined in the front beam due to visual impairment or low vision. However, the prevalence of cataract in women (73.43%) was significantly higher than that in men (58.57%), which was consistent with the results of the Beijing Shunyi Eye Survey… and the Guangdong Doumen Eye Survey1, and also with the old Leibowitz Eye Survey report. The results are also consistent. The reason may be related to the endocrine Gonzo H1 such as long life span of women, more births and the occurrence of cataracts are positively correlated, and some scholars believe that the use of estrogen after menopause in women can reduce the prevalence of cataracts. The prevalence of illiterate cataracts (77.04%) is higher than that of non-literate (52.74%), which may be related to illiterate towels, the higher proportion of women and the elderly, and may also be related to the poor network lifestyle and other factors. The results of the Beijing Shunyi Eye Survey showed that cataracts accounted for the first place of blindness, and the prevalence of cataracts was 2.22% among people aged ≥50 years with visual acuity <0.1 in both eyes. This survey towel, 3469 cases examined, 106 cases of cataract purpose people, accounted for or not is not significant, which makes part of the patients can not receive treatment. The city through this operation of restoration of sight, so that more people received the scientific education of cataract, so that a large number of patients who can not afford to treat for economic reasons of the Gang to see the light again, prevention of blindness and treatment T work has achieved the stage results.