Introduction of a new surgery-based comprehensive treatment method (i.e. preoperative radiotherapy + surgical resection treatment): 1, radiotherapy method and timing of surgery: radiotherapy is low-dose radiotherapy, irradiation covers the portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and the primary tumor foci, a total of 6 times, and surgical resection treatment is performed 3 weeks after the completion of radiotherapy. 2. Advantages: preoperative radiotherapy irradiates both the cancer thrombus and the primary foci, which can control the growth of the primary foci while treating PVTT to avoid delaying the surgery, and can increase the compensatory proliferation of normal liver to improve liver function, and in some cases, PVTT can be downgraded to type II or even type I to achieve radical resection. The results of clinical studies have shown that preoperative radiotherapy can reduce the recurrence rate without increasing the risk of surgery and postoperative liver failure.