Osteoporosis is divided into two major categories: primary and secondary. Primary osteoporosis is divided into three types: postmenopausal osteoporosis, senile osteoporosis and idiopathic osteoporosis (including adolescent type). The so-called idiopathic osteoporosis is the osteoporosis whose cause is not yet clear. Postmenopausal osteoporosis generally occurs within 5 to 10 years after menopause, and the majority of people belong to this category; senile osteoporosis generally refers to osteoporosis occurring in the elderly after the age of 70. It can be seen that postmenopausal osteoporosis caused by a dramatic decrease in estrogen mainly affects women who have entered menopause, while senile osteoporosis occurs after they reach 70 years of age due to changes in bone metabolism. Age-related osteoporosis occurs in male patients. Osteoporosis is also a manifestation of aging of human tissues and organs. The peak bone density of the human body usually reaches its highest around the age of 30 to 35, and then enters a plateau period after which it slowly declines. In general, the fastest bone loss in women is during the 5 years after menopause, when spinal density decreases by an average of about 5% per year, and more than 50% of women over the age of 80 experience fractures. In men, the rate of bone loss is more stable, with an average loss of 0.5% to 2% per year, depending on the site, after reaching the average peak bone mass. People with risk factors for osteoporosis are those who are at risk for osteoporosis. These factors are divided into congenital (inherent) and non-ingenital (non-inherent) factors. The risk factors are often the cause of osteoporosis, and understanding the risk factors for osteoporosis will allow us to catch the “masterminds” behind osteoporosis and provide targeted treatment for osteoporosis, truly treating both the symptoms and the root cause. The inherent risk factors for osteoporosis include ethnicity (Caucasians and Caucasians have a higher risk of osteoporosis than Blacks), old age, female menopause, and maternal family history, all of which are beyond our control. One cannot choose one’s ethnicity, gender, relatives, etc., and one cannot change the tendency to age. Non-inherent factors: low body weight, low gonadal function, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, coffee and carbonated drinks, etc., lack of physical activity, braking, nutritional imbalance in the diet, excessive or insufficient protein intake, high sodium diet, calcium and/or vitamin D deficiency ( low light exposure or low intake ), diseases affecting bone metabolism or application of drugs affecting bone metabolism (glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, heparin, anti-cancer drugs, etc.). Figuratively speaking, thin old ladies are at high risk for osteoporosis. The Osteoporosis Risk Minute Test released by the International Osteoporosis Foundation can be an important help in whether we have osteoporosis. The test asks subjects to answer 10 questions. If the subject has any of the following 10 conditions, he or she is at risk for osteoporosis and needs to go to the hospital for further examination and a definitive diagnosis by a doctor.