1, strict control of blood sugar, blood pressure, blood lipids. 2, all diabetic patients with a disease duration of more than 5 years, to frequently check kidney function, urine protein characterization, 24-hour urine protein quantification, and pay attention to the measurement of blood pressure, do fundus examination, fundus lesions are often earlier than kidney damage. 3, when available, urine microprotein measurement and β2-microglobulin measurement should be done for early detection of diabetic nephropathy. If urine microalbumin increases, it should be measured 3 times in a row within 3-6 months to determine whether it is persistent microalbuminuria. 4. If it is determined to be increased microalbumin and other factors causing its increase can be excluded, such as urinary tract infection, exercise, and primary hypertension, one should be highly alert. And pay attention to efforts to control blood sugar so that it is as close to normal as possible. If the blood pressure is >140/90mmHg, it should be actively lowered to keep the blood pressure in the normal range. 5, emphasize low salt, low protein diet, with high quality protein is preferred. 6, quit smoking: smoking is also a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy, 19% of diabetic smokers have proteinuria, and only 8% of non-smokers have proteinuria. If the patient’s blood glucose level is normal, the chance of nephrotic syndrome decreases significantly after 6 months of smoking cessation.