Postmenopausal women and men over 50 years of age with a thin body and little exercise are important factors in osteoporotic fractures. Other factors include premature menopause (menopause before 45 years of age), bilateral oophorectomy, prolonged amenorrhea, smoking and alcohol abuse, excessive caffeine input, chronic malnutrition or inadequate calcium intake, chronic use of steroid hormone drugs and antiepileptic drugs, endocrine disorders (hyperthyroidism, parathyroidism, etc.), and liver and kidney disease. Other risk factors include previous history of fall-prone: the presence of fall-prone risk factors such as generalized weakness: muscle weakness, poor balance and visual impairment are all risk factors for fracture-sparing fractures.