Leukemia is a malignant clonal disease of hematopoietic stem cell origin, in which clonal leukemic cells proliferate uncontrollably, differentiation is impaired, apoptosis is blocked, and the cells are stalled at different stages of development. The clinical manifestations are anemia, infection, bleeding and tissue infiltration symptoms.
Fever is one of the early manifestations of leukemia, with patients experiencing unexplained fever, infections, and recurrent mouth ulcers. Bleeding is also an early symptom of leukemia. Bleeding can occur throughout the body, with skin bruises, bruises, nasal bleeding, gum bleeding, and excessive menstruation being the most common, and bleeding from the fundus of the eye with visual impairment being the main symptom. Acute promyelocytic leukemia is easily complicated by diffuse intravascular coagulation and widespread bleeding throughout the body. Intracranial hemorrhage is associated with headache, vomiting, pupillary asymmetry, and even death by coma.
Some patients also present with anemia that does not respond well to drug therapy and should be taken seriously and have a timely bone marrow aspiration biopsy to further clarify the diagnosis.
Organ and tissue infiltrative manifestations are also early manifestations of leukemia, which may manifest as enlarged lymph nodes and liver and spleen, localized pressure pain in the lower sternum, protruding eyes, and painless enlargement of the testes.
Once these symptoms appear, it is important to pay attention to them and seek timely medical attention to avoid delays.