Hydrocephalus is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain and usually requires a “ventriculoperitoneal shunt” to drain water from the brain into the abdominal cavity through a shunt tube. Families need to be familiar with the following points: Postoperative instructions: 1. 4-6 hours after surgery, take a 15-30 degree slope position to facilitate venous reflux and prevent cerebral hemorrhage. 2. It is not easy to consume water too early after surgery. Explain that postoperative bloating and diarrhea may occur, so that the patient is psychologically prepared. 3.Explain the purpose of dehydration treatment for the cause of postoperative pain. 4.Listen to the patient’s description of pain and differentiate it from low cranial pressure headache. 5.Follow the principle of postoperative rehydration and do not adjust the rate arbitrarily. 6.Keep the stool unobstructed to prevent causing the increase of intracranial pressure. Discharge instructions: 1. Take medication as prescribed by the doctor. 2.Strengthen nutrition, eat a high-protein, high-calorie diet rich in nutrients and easy to digest. 3. Pay attention to temperature changes to prevent catching cold. Pay attention to the combination of work and rest, and ensure sleep. 4.For those who have difficulty in moving their limbs, strengthen functional exercise and have someone accompany them during activities to prevent accidents. 5.Visit the hospital for follow-up 1 month after discharge. Pay attention to abdominal and cerebral symptoms to prevent shunt obstruction, and follow up at any time if there is any abnormality.