I. The scope of application of growth hormone is that short stature caused by insufficient secretion of pituitary growth hormone is the preferred indication for growth hormone therapy. It is advisable to start treatment at an early age, generally from 4 or 5 years old. The duration of treatment can be determined according to the height growth, and it is generally recommended that the course of treatment should be long and last until the epiphysis is fused. Children with this disease treated with growth hormone can have significant height growth, averaging 1 cm per month and 8 to 12 cm per year. Non-growth hormone deficient short stature, such as congenital ovarian hypoplasia, chronic renal failure, intrauterine growth retardation, and idiopathic short stature (which is a short stature caused by a currently unrecognized cause), have also been treated with growth hormone and have achieved good results. These disorders share the common characteristic of short stature and are all approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (a world drug authority) as indications for growth hormone therapy. In these non-growth hormone deficient children, although the growth hormone levels are normal, some of them are not physiologically active and cannot contribute to growth, and as exogenous growth hormone can supplement this deficiency and facilitate height growth. However, a small number of these children have less than ideal height growth, which may be related to their insensitivity to growth hormone, or there may be other genetic defects related to height that are not yet known. In addition to promoting skeletal growth, growth hormone can also regulate the body’s metabolism and immunity. Therefore, it can also be used in the fields of immune deficiency, nutritional support, osteoporosis, burns, wound healing, etc. It can also be used for short stature caused by long-term use of glucocorticoids or precocious puberty. Growth hormone is contraindicated in patients with short stature whose epiphyses have closed, patients with progressive or recurrent intracranial tumors, leukemia and diabetes. What tests should be done before using growth hormone? There are many causes of growth retardation, and to treat it, the cause must be identified first, i.e., a diagnosis must be made first, and then how to treat it must be considered. Generally, blood, urine routine, liver and kidney function, blood calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase should be done in order to find diagnostic clues. In addition, the doctor will choose the following tests as needed. 1.Thyroxine measurement: Its testing method is to take one time of venous blood in the early morning on an empty stomach and send it for testing in order to understand the function of thyroid gland. 2.Growth hormone measurement: including screening test and diagnostic test to determine whether there is growth hormone deficiency. 3.Bone age examination and MRI of the saddle area to understand the child’s bone development and exclude intracranial tumors. 4.Blood chromosome test: for short girls, except for “congenital ovarian hypoplasia”. 5.Other: There are still some special tests, which will be selected according to special needs. Among the above examinations, bone age is the most important, because it is the most useful indicator to reflect the maturity of human body. The advancement or lagging of bone age relative to the actual age can help to judge the future growth trend of children, and more accurately predict the final height in adulthood, and is also an objective indicator for the indications of using some height increasing drugs. The use of growth hormone must be carried out under the premise that the epiphysis has not yet closed. Third, what problems should be noted during the use of growth hormone At present, the genetically recombinant growth hormone used clinically in China has exactly the same structure and biological activity as the growth hormone secreted by the human pituitary gland, and after several years of clinical application, it has obvious therapeutic effects and good safety, but attention should be paid to choosing the right time for treatment, and it must be used under the strict guidance of doctors. During the application period, the child should be brought to the hospital for regular follow-up. The course of treatment is determined by the goal of catching up and can be discontinued if a certain satisfactory height has been achieved, and the application of growth hormone can continue until the epiphysis is fused. Check-ups are conducted every 3 months to record changes in height and sexual development, and thyroid function and blood glucose tests are performed so that the growth hormone dose and thyroxine supplementation can be adjusted in a timely manner. Indicators such as insulin and insulin-like growth factor should also be monitored for more than 1 year of continuous medication, and bone age should be checked once a year. During the treatment process, as growth accelerates and the child’s appetite improves, appropriate nutrition, such as various vitamins, trace elements and calcium, needs to be increased. The child’s life should be regular to ensure sufficient sleep, proper exercise and a happy mood. In addition, it is worth mentioning that children who are short in stature often feel inferior because of this defect. Therefore, parents are advised to do the following four things: according to the child’s physical age, and should not look at them by their stature; pay attention to giving more love and care to the child; avoid and stop other people from mocking and ridiculing the child; encourage the child to participate more in various activities, so that they can grow up healthy and lively.