Diarrhea in infants and young children is a common and frequent disease in pediatrics. The susceptibility of infants and young children to diarrhea is related to the following susceptibility factors: the immature gastrointestinal tract of children and the relative lack of various digestive enzymes; the heavy burden on the digestive tract due to the relatively high intake of nutrients; the poor defense function of the digestive tract and the whole body; artificial feeding, etc. Common diarrhea is generally divided into two categories, one is infectious diarrhea, which is usually caused by bacteria and viruses. For example, bacterial enteritis, which is common in summer, and rotavirus enteritis, which is common in autumn and winter. The other category is non-infectious diarrhea, which is usually caused by indigestion due to improper diet or an overly cold or hot climate. In particular, irregular feeding of infants, improper diet, sudden change of food varieties, or premature feeding of large amounts of starchy or fatty foods can easily lead to diarrhea. The presence of milk or soy protein allergy and disaccharidase deficiency in some children is also an important cause of chronic diarrhea if such foods are not promptly detected and avoided. An increase in the number and volume of stools in children, or changes in stool properties, such as stools that are dilute and watery, egg-flake soup-like, have an abnormal sour or foul odor, contain more foam or undigested particles, contain blood or are particularly dark, etc., indicate that the baby’s digestive system is in trouble. Moreover, diarrhea in children is often accompanied by fever, loss of appetite, vomiting, decreased urine output, depression, and bloating. When your baby has diarrhea, you should carefully observe the number of times your baby has diarrhea, the nature of the stools, the amount of urine, and the amount of water supplementation. If the number and amount of stools are excessive or the amount of food is low, vomiting causes a significant decrease in urine output, depression, or is accompanied by high fever, blood in the stools or mucus-purulent blood, etc., you must promptly seek medical attention. In addition, if your baby’s diarrhea persists even after dietary adjustment and general medication, or even if it is accompanied by weight and height loss, you should also seek medical attention from a specialist. Parents should cooperate with the doctor’s prescription for reasonable use of medication. Use antibiotics with caution. Only bacterial enteritis requires the application of antibiotics. For other causes of diarrhea, abuse of antibiotics may aggravate the condition. Probiotics, such as Cilantro, Pauleon and Changlecon, are good for rebuilding the normal intestinal flora, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria and controlling diarrhea. However, most probiotics are easily destroyed by stomach acid and other digestive juices and antibiotics, so they should be taken orally after meals and 1~2 hours after taking antibiotics, or you can take additional doses according to your condition to improve the efficacy. Simethicone can adsorb pathogenic bacteria, protect intestinal mucosa, reduce stool water, and is not absorbed, no obvious side effects, and has better efficacy for baby diarrhea, better efficacy when taken orally before meals, but should not be taken orally with probiotics at the same time, otherwise it will reduce the latter’s effect. Zinc supplementation can help repair the intestinal mucosa, significantly reduce diarrhea, shorten the duration of diarrhea, and reduce the occurrence of diarrhea again. Therefore, zinc can be taken orally for 10-14 days for acute diarrhea. Some proprietary Chinese medicines such as paediatric diarrhea stop and enteritis nin are also effective for indigestion and viral enteritis. It should be noted that children with diarrhea are prone to dehydration, so do not forget to give oral supplements of fluids and salts to prevent dehydration and electrolyte disorders from occurring. Children with diarrhea also need to ensure a certain nutritional intake, so continue feeding, but change the structure of the diet appropriately. Breastfed children should first suspend complementary foods other than rice soup and thin gruel, such as meat, eggs, fruit juice, vegetables, cod liver oil, etc. Artificially fed children should be given equal amounts of rice soup or diluted milk powder or other milk substitutes. If still not tolerated, change to lactose-free milk, fermented yogurt, soy milk powder. It is also necessary to pay attention to hydrate the baby, either by giving rice soup with salt or warm water. In more serious cases, oral rehydration salts should be purchased and brewed in proportion to the baby’s needs. After the diarrhea improves, you should not be too hasty, you should gradually increase the diet, from little to much, from thin to thick. However, if the baby is exclusively breastfed, soon after birth, diarrhea, good appetite, does not affect the growth and development, the appearance of fat, often eczema, these babies are likely to be physiological diarrhea, should be 4 months of age after the addition of complementary foods on time, their stools can gradually turn to normal. If your baby has diarrhea after eating a specific food (such as eggs, beef, etc.), you should avoid that type of food for a period of time. If a breastfed or cow’s milk-fed baby has diarrhea with severe eczema and cries and fusses after eating, especially if the stool is bloody, try switching to deeply hydrolyzed formula for 1 to 2 weeks. If the above symptoms improve significantly, it is likely that the infant is allergic to mother’s milk or cow’s milk protein and should continue to be fed with this type of powdered formula for several months.