In recent years, the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases has been increasing worldwide and has become a public health problem that seriously endangers human health. Non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis are a group of diseases caused by pathogens other than gonococcus infecting the genitourinary system. Chlamydia and mycoplasma are its main common causative agents, and the main clinical manifestations are non-gonococcal urethritis and non-gonococcal cervicitis (mucopurulent cervicitis), which can also cause a variety of diseases and can have serious complications and sequelae. Therefore, effective and rational selection of anti-chlamydial and mycoplasma drugs for treatment is the key to prevention and treatment. This article provides a brief overview of the treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis. Drug selection At present, the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma mainly uses tetracyclines (including tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, etc.), macrolides (including erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, cross-fastenycin, etc.) and quinolones (including ofloxacin, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, etc.) drugs. Antibacterial drugs that interfere with cell wall synthesis such as penicillin, cephalosporins, sulfonamide, etc. are not sensitive to mycoplasma, and the killing effect of these drugs on chlamydia is also very weak. First, tetracyclines tetracyclines are fast-acting antibacterial agents, also have a bactericidal effect at high concentrations, the mechanism of action is mainly specific binding to the bacterial ribosomal 30S subunit at the A-position, preventing the amino phthalide-RNA link in this position, thereby preventing the growth of peptide chains and bacterial protein synthesis; second, tetracyclines can cause changes in bacterial cell membrane permeability, so that intracellular nucleotides and other important Secondly, tetracyclines can cause changes in the permeability of bacterial cell membranes, causing intracellular nucleotides and other important components to leak out, thus rapidly inhibiting DNA replication. 1, doxycycline (doxycycline) is a long-acting, spectral semi-synthetic tetracycline antimicrobial agent, made from the 6α-position deoxygenation of hygromycin. Its antibacterial power is stronger than tetracycline, and slightly weaker than minocycline, good oral absorption, slow excretion, blood concentration maintenance than tetracycline lasting, with high lipid solubility, so strong penetration of tissues. t1/2 for 18-22h, adverse reactions similar to tetracycline, but lighter, and not subject to the image of food. Microorganisms have close cross*resistance to this product with tetracycline and oxytetracycline. 2, Minocycline (Mymanomycin) is the 2nd generation of semi-synthetic tetracyclines, similar to the pharmacological effects of tetracycline, but a broader antibacterial spectrum, sensitive to G+ and G-, especially to tetracycline-resistant strains, more significant antibacterial effect on Chlamydia trachomatis, mainly bacteriostatic effect, with bactericidal effect at high concentrations. The drug is rapidly and completely absorbed orally, and is not imaged by food, t1/2 about 16h, high lipophilicity, easy to penetrate into many tissues and body fluids, so that its concentration in the genitourinary tract is higher than the effective therapeutic concentration, and thus the efficacy is higher. Adverse reactions of minocycline are mainly vertigo and gastrointestinal reactions, which usually appear in the first 3 d after the start of the drug, gradually reduce, and the symptoms disappear after stopping the drug. Second, quinolones quinolones is a class of parent nucleus for 4-quinolone chemical synthesis of drugs, antibacterial mechanism is mainly in the cell or mycoplasma DNA helicase, tissue DNA replication, repair, chromosome separation, burning and other functions, so as to achieve the purpose of bactericidal. 1, levofloxacin: is the levofloxacin ofloxacin, antibacterial activity is two times that ofloxacin. Oral absorption is good, plasma concentration peaks after 1 to 2h, t1/2 for 6 to 8h. 2, Sparfloxacin: is an aminodifluoroquinolone antibiotic, the drug has a wide antibacterial spectrum, strong for G-, G+ as well as Chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma. It has good permeability to genitourinary tract tissues, and the drug concentration in tissues is several times higher than the simultaneous drug blood concentration. Sparfloxacin introduces fluorine ion in the 8th position to make it well absorbed in the body, t1/2 in the body up to 15.8 ~ 16.9h, can be 1 time / d administration, so the patient compliance is good, and the incidence of adverse reactions is low, but there is photosensitivity, use should avoid sunlight. 3.Gatifloxacin: It is a new spectral and efficient 4th generation quinolone drug, which is a racemic compound of 8-methoxy fluoroquinolone. By inhibiting DNA rotase and topoisomerase IV, thus inhibiting the replication, transcription and repair of bacterial DNA. The drug is distributed in saliva, semen, prostatic fluid, and lung and kidney tissues. It is well absorbed orally and is not imaged by food factors. The absolute bioavailability is 96% and the peak blood concentration is reached after 1~2h of oral administration. 4.Moxifloxacin: It is the 4th generation of new 8-methoxy fluoroquinolones broad-spectrum efficient antibacterial drug, with broader spectrum and stronger antibacterial activity than traditional quinolones. Moxifloxacin inhibits both topoisomerase IV and DNA rotamase, remains effective against step 1 mutant strains, and is less likely to develop drug resistance. Resulting in resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins, glycopeptides, macrolides and tetracyclines substrates do not affect the antibacterial activity of moxifloxacin, and there is no cross*resistance between moxifloxacin and these antibacterial agents, and its antibacterial activity is 16 times that of levofloxacin. Oral absorption is good, food to this product image is small, t1/2 for 2 ~ 14h, small adverse reactions, low phototoxicity, safety and resistance are good. Third, macrolides Macrolides are a class of weakly basic antibiotics produced by streptomycin, acting on bacterial cell ribosomal 50S subunit, hinder bacterial protein synthesis, belong to the growth period inhibitors. In recent years, the overuse of this drug has caused an increasing number of drug-resistant strains of bacteria. There is a closer cross*resistance among macrolides. 1, cross-sampling: is a 16-ring macrolide antibiotics, antibacterial spectrum, on G- and G +, mycoplasma, chlamydia have strong antibacterial activity, oral absorption effect is significant, high drug concentration in the tissue, in the urinary tract and prostate concentration is much higher than in the blood, t1/2 about 1.7 h. This product adverse reactions are mainly gastrointestinal reactions. It is important to note that the cross-sampling medicament is a free base, and should be swallowed whole to avoid loss of potency in contact with gastric acid. 2. Clarithromycin: 4-membered macrocyclic lactone ring, the 6th position is replaced by methoxy. High stability to gastric acid, high and persistent blood concentration after oral administration, absolute bioavailability up to 50% and not subject to food image; strong penetration to tissues and cells; t1/2 is 3-4h, adverse reactions are mainly gastrointestinal reactions, the incidence is about 10.6%; prohibited for pregnant women, age.