In daily STD clinics, doctors often encounter people who have had an unclean sexual experience and visit the hospital because they are concerned about having an STD. Many of them have no obvious discomfort, but the results of the urethral discharge examination show that the patient has the presence of Chlamydia or Mycoplasma solium and a large number of white blood cells, a condition clinically diagnosed as non-gonococcal urethritis. The doctor told the patient that this disease is one of the STDs. The patient felt strange, thinking that he did not have anything growing on his genitals, nor was there any pus flowing, nor any uncomfortable feeling, so how could he have gotten an STD? In fact, this is the result of the patient’s lack of knowledge of STDs. The STD with the highest incidence In recent years, there has been a trend of increasing sexual promiscuity. With the improvement of STD detection level and the popularization of detection methods, more and more non-gonococcal urethritis is being diagnosed in STD clinics. Now, the incidence of this disease exceeds that of familiar STDs such as gonorrhea, condyloma acuminata and syphilis, becoming the most common STD in China with the highest incidence and in STD clinics. Non-gonococcal urethritis is a sexually transmitted disease that is transmitted through sexual contact and can develop in both men and women. Sexual contact is the main route of transmission, but it can also be transmitted through close contact, such as through bath towels, underwear and hands. A variety of microorganisms can cause the disease. Doctors cannot find gonococci in the urethral secretions of patients with this disease, and no gonococci grow in culture. The main pathogens of non-gonococcal urethritis are Chlamydia trachomatis (40% to 50%) and Mycoplasma solium (10% to 40%). Chlamydia trachomatis is between the size of bacteria and viruses, it is divided into 15 serotypes, of which serotypes A, B, Ba, C cause trachoma, serotypes D to K cause urethritis, cervicitis. Mycoplasma decidua has no cell wall, its morphology is similar to bacteria but smaller than bacteria, and after bacterial culture, the typical colony morphology is fried egg-like. In addition, some other microorganisms, such as Trichomonas vaginalis, herpes simplex virus, human papillomavirus, human mycoplasma, mycoplasma genitalium, Candida albicans and other pathogenic microorganisms can also cause non-gonococcal urethritis (10% to 20%). The consequences of neglect are serious The incubation period of non-gonococcal urethritis is somewhat longer than that of gonorrhea, averaging about 1 to 3 weeks. It typically presents with symptoms of urethritis, stinging and burning pain in the urethra, and can be accompanied by urinary urgency, painful urination, urethral redness and swelling, and mucus discharge from the urethral orifice. When the patient does not urinate for a long time or urinates for the first time in the morning, a crust of urethral discharge can be found to seal the urethral orifice, which is called the “paste” phenomenon. In general, the symptoms are more pronounced in men with non-gonococcal urethritis than in women. However, it is important to note that many patients with non-gonococcal urethritis have atypical or even asymptomatic symptoms at the beginning of the infection, so it is difficult to get the patient’s attention or be missed by the doctor during the initial consultation. Although the symptoms of non-gonococcal urethritis itself are not obvious, it can easily cause more serious sequelae if patients fail to seek timely medical attention and treatment. In men, it can cause epididymitis, orchitis, prostatitis, seminal vesicle spermatorrhea, etc. Long-term chronic inflammatory stimulation can cause thickening and narrowing of the vas deferens lumen and lead to male infertility; in women it can cause cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, tubitis, abnormal menstruation, ectopic pregnancy, abortion and infertility. People who have had an unclean sex life should not ignore the necessary medical checkups because they do not feel uncomfortable in their genital area. Now, medical institutions at all levels have more mature and accurate means of detecting non-gonococcal urethritis. The patient can be completely cured of this disease with regular treatment.