Nephrotic syndrome is a chronic disease with its unique course and onset characteristics. Many patients, because of the lack of comprehensive and correct understanding of the disease, have generated unnecessary troubles and even delayed the disease, which has seriously damaged their health. The following is an example I encountered in my clinical work, and I hope that the majority of patients can draw some help from it. Xiao Lin is a 22-year-old young girl who was hospitalized in our hospital 4 months ago because of facial and lower limb swelling and foamy urine, and was diagnosed as primary nephrotic syndrome, microscopic lesion type after laboratory examination and renal puncture biopsy. In response to Xiao Lin’s pathological type and morbidity, we formulated a high-dose oral glucocorticoid treatment plan for her, initially giving her 12 tablets of oral prednisone, and then gradually reducing the dosage according to the treatment situation. The treatment progressed quite smoothly, and Xiao Lin achieved complete remission after 4 weeks of taking the drug, and her urine routine protein turned negative after several retests. He was so happy that he left behind his doctor’s advice to “follow up regularly and gradually reduce the dosage according to the treatment course”. The company’s main goal is to provide the best possible service to its customers. Unfortunately, the good times did not last long, 3 weeks later Xiao Lin again appeared eyelids, calves puffy, rushed to the hospital for urine tests. Faced with urine protein + + + + on the test sheet, Xiaolin was dumbfounded and had to ask his doctor for help again. Nephrotic syndrome, like many chronic diseases, has a certain relapse rate, a group of statistics show that nephrotic syndrome treatment follow-up 36 months relapse rate of up to 31%. Of course, many of these relapses are caused by the specific pathology of the disease, that is, by the nature of the disease itself; however, a significant percentage of relapses are caused by patient factors. Some patients do not strictly follow the medical prescriptions, taking medication with or without a meal, taking a meal in a good mood and not in a bad mood, too much arbitrariness. Some patients over-consider the side effects of drugs and reduce or even stop the medication on their own when the course of treatment is not enough, such as the example of Xiao Lin girl we mentioned earlier. Some patients feel that they are sick and should “take a lot of energy”, so they consume too much protein in their diet. There are patients who live in an uncontrolled way, overworked, unclean diet, do not pay attention to the weather changes to increase or decrease clothing, diarrhea and cold for three days. All of these are common causes of recurrence of nephrotic syndrome. Recognize these, clear target, how to prevent recurrence of the problem will be solved. First of all, we should cooperate closely with the doctor’s consultation and treatment, and make a clear diagnosis as soon as possible. After the plan is formulated, what the patients should do is to strictly follow the doctor’s prescription for medication, to ensure that the full dose and the full course of treatment are used; regular outpatient follow-up visits should be made to adjust the medication according to the doctor’s opinion. Especially when the prednisone dose is reduced to 20-25mg/day, there are more chances of recurrence of the disease. The treatment process of kidney disease is relatively long, and some patients tend to slacken off after a long period of treatment, so it is especially important to follow medical advice and regular follow-up to reduce recurrence. In addition, patients should also strengthen their own health care, appropriate exercise to improve physical fitness. What if the nephrotic syndrome comes back despite all efforts? Don’t panic, contact your doctor and adjust your plan according to your condition to get back to remission. In nephrotic syndrome, due to the loss of a large amount of protein in the blood from the urine, which includes important components that constitute our immune defense, such as immunoglobulins and complement; at the same time, the body’s leukocyte function decreases, zinc and other trace elements are lost, all of which seriously weaken the body’s ability to resist external disease-causing factors. At the same time, the treatment of nephrotic syndrome often requires the use of glucocorticoids, cytotoxic drugs and other immunosuppressive drugs, which is already a weak defense for the patients is like adding insult to injury, so nephrotic patients are prone to infections. Common infections in renal patients include respiratory infections, intestinal infections, peritonitis, pleurisy, and subcutaneous soft tissue infections. If an infection occurs then attention should be paid to mastering two principles, one is positive, the other is cautious. The treatment attitude should be positive. Due to the factors mentioned above, patients with nephrotic syndrome are prone to infection, and once infection occurs, it is easy to spread and not easily confined. Early treatment and active treatment can nip the infection in the bud. However, we should be cautious in the attitude of drug selection, and try to use drugs with less nephrotoxicity. The kidneys of our patients are in a disease-based state, and the use of some drugs with more pronounced nephrotoxicity can easily aggravate the original kidney lesions and even trigger acute renal failure. The drugs with more obvious nephrotoxicity that may be used in case of infection include: aminoglycoside antibiotics (gentamicin, butamycin, etc.), tetracycline antibiotics, sulfonamides, rifampin, antipyretic and analgesic drugs (anti-inflammatory pain, finasteride, phentermine, etc.). The use of these drugs should be very cautious and should be avoided unless it is a last resort.