Amblyopia is one of the serious eye diseases that hinder children’s visual development, and is a common disease in children’s development, with incidence rates inconsistent at home and abroad. The younger the child is, the more difficult the examination is, the less reliable it is, and the easier it is to miss the diagnosis, especially amblyopia without strabismus is less likely to be detected. The greatest danger of the disease is that the child not only has low monocular vision in both eyes, but also has no binocular visual function and no fine stereo vision, making amblyopia more dangerous than myopia. Therefore, early diagnosis and early treatment of amblyopia are extremely important in clinical practice. Where there is no obvious organic lesion in the eye, the corrected distance visual acuity ≤ 0.8 caused by mainly functional factors is amblyopia. According to the etiology: strabismic amblyopia, refractive amblyopia, refractive error amblyopia, form deprivation amblyopia 5 congenital amblyopia. The treatment effect of amblyopia is closely related to the age, the younger the age, the better the treatment effect. It is closely related to the nature of amblyopia, its degree and the nature of gaze. The prognosis for early onset, late treatment, severe degree, and non-central gaze is poor. Early detection and treatment is the key. In the eyes of a child with amblyopia, the whole world is hazy. Since children are poor complainers, early amblyopia is not easily noticed by parents, and the time for treatment is missed. Symptoms of pediatric amblyopia i. Newborns will close their eyes in bright light or become irritable in bright light; ii. 2-3 month old babies cannot move their eyes with toys or are sluggish; iii. 4-6 month old babies have poor eye-hand coordination and cannot pick up objects well; iv. 1 year old babies cannot accurately grasp small objects such as soybeans; v. 1 year old babies are less responsive to colors and shapes and even have dull eyes and Reactive, like to see things at close range, crooked head and eyes, etc. The baby’s eyesight can be detected by talking to him or by talking to him. We would like to remind parents to pay special attention to your baby if he/she has any of the following conditions, and to consult a doctor if necessary. The key to prevention and treatment of amblyopia is early detection and early treatment, once the treatment time is missed, it is not easy to return to normal vision, and other visual functions are also affected accordingly.