Kidney disease is known as the “silent killer”, many patients with uremia can develop to the stage of uremia, because they did not find their condition early, so that the disease finally into the grave, it is too late to regret.
Why are the symptoms of chronic nephritis insidious?
The reason is that one kidney has more than 1 million kidney units and has a strong compensatory capacity, and two kidneys together, even if 50% of the kidney units are destroyed, the remaining 50% is enough to take care of all the physiological functions of the kidneys. Therefore, if most of the glomeruli are not involved in nephritis, there will be no symptoms. Moreover, not much protein is excreted in the urine, which does not cause low plasma protein, so edema does not appear. The other symptoms of nephritis are not specific, such as lumbago, fatigue and other symptoms, which can also be seen in cases of fatigue and cold and flu. The main thing is that glomerulonephritis does not attract enough attention, usually no regular laboratory tests, and even some physical examinations do not include urine tests, so that the chronic glomerulonephritis is not noticed.
The analysis of urine is the most important measure to detect kidney disease. Routine urinalysis is one of the simplest and most clinically important preliminary tests that should not be overlooked. Many patients can develop hematuria, erythrocyturia or proteinuria in the early stages of kidney disease, and once urine abnormalities are detected, it is often the first indicator of kidney or urinary tract disease and an important clue to the nature of the pathological process. An annual urine examination is a good option that costs little money and allows for timely detection of kidney disease.
A rough comparison table of urine composition and the disease suffered is given below.
Abnormal urine protein: glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, etc.
Urine red blood cells: kidney bleeding, urinary tract bleeding, nephritis, etc.
Urine leukocytes: pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, etc.
Small round epithelial cells: glomerulonephritis
Tubular urine: a sign of substantial kidney lesions, important for diagnosis
Generally speaking, it is necessary to do urinalysis when the following conditions occur
1.When foam appears in the urine that does not dissipate easily
2.When high blood pressure is found by chance
3.When fatigue does not dissipate easily, nausea or poor appetite
4.When hematuria can be found with the naked eye and the color of urine turns dark
5.When swelling is found, such as swelling of the eyelids, face or lower limbs
6.Dizziness, headache, insomnia, forgetfulness, back pain, fatigue, dry mouth, heat in the hands and feet, fear of cold and heel and shin pain, etc.
7.Frequent urination, urgent urination, painful urination and lumbar pain are found
8.When bleeding spots or allergic purpura are found on the body
9.Diabetic patients with more than 5 years of disease, urine foam and poor vision
10.With a history of nephritis.