Most low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions heal and rarely develop into cancer, and usually do not directly affect life expectancy. Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions are a common diagnosis in cervical cancer screening and are a manifestation of cervical cellular lesions, which are both classified as precancerous lesions along with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and are closely related to HPV infection. If high-risk HPV infection leads to squamous intraepithelial lesions, they may progress to cervical cancer without aggressive treatment. However, most of the low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions can be self-healed or cured, while a few patients can progress to cervical cancer and affect their life expectancy. Therefore, once squamous intraepithelial lesions are detected, patients can first be observed for a short period of time. If it does not get better on its own, active treatment is needed. It is recommended that women should have regular gynecological checkups, cervical cancer screening and HPV testing in hospital gynecology departments to detect HPV infection and cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions, and give corresponding treatment such as laser, leep knife and cold knife conization in time.