Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a relatively common condition. It is characterized by indescribable sensory abnormalities and pain in both lower extremities, which is forced to move both lower extremities to relieve the pain, and often worsens at night when resting. This condition is often misdiagnosed. The disease can occur at any age, with primary RLS usually occurring between the ages of 10 and 20 years, and 25% to 50% having a family history after excluding any possible secondary causes. There are many causes of secondary RLS, including pregnancy, end-stage renal disease, iron deficiency anemia, folic acid and/or vitamin B12 deficiency, peripheral neuropathy, lumbosacral radiculopathy, myelopathy, and others. The pathogenesis of restless legs is unclear and the diagnosis of RLS is mainly based on medical history. The important diagnostic criteria for restless legs are as follows: the need or compulsion to move the lower extremities (inability to sit still), characteristic manifestations: frequent involuntary movements on awakening in patients with this syndrome, etc. Treatment includes etiological treatment, neurological treatment, etc.