With the advent of aging society, the incidence of cancer is gradually increasing with age, and coupled with the weakened immunity of the elderly body, once a tumor occurs, the tumor is more likely to metastasize to distant places, the most common ones are lung metastasis, liver metastasis and bone metastasis. The most common symptoms of metastases include local pain, pressure symptoms and fractures caused by minor violence. Most patients present with localized pain and pathological fractures. About 40% of patients have a history and signs of primary malignancy and develop metastatic symptoms during or several months or years after treatment. Most patients have no history and signs of primary tumor, and the first symptom is the symptom of metastasis, which causes diagnostic difficulties, such as liver cancer, thyroid cancer, adrenal tumor and kidney cancer, etc. There are often no primary symptoms. 1. Pain is the most common symptom. Early pain is mild and changes from intermittent to persistent, which is easily noticed in severe cases and ignored in light cases. The degree of pain becomes more and more serious and progresses rapidly. 2.Bone metastasis tumor with masses located in deep parts is not easy to be detected in early stage. The mass only reflects local pain. About 5% of the patients visit the doctor because of lumps. 3.Compression symptoms
Spinal metastatic tumors soon show symptoms of compression of spinal cauda equina or nerve roots, with radicular neuralgia, hyperalgesia, muscle weakness or even paralysis, often accompanied by sphincter dysfunction. The percentage of hospital admissions due to paralysis is 50%. Those located in the pelvis can cause compression symptoms of the rectum and bladder and urinary and fecal dysfunction. Those located in the limbs may also cause compression symptoms of blood vessels and nerve trunks. 4.Pathological fracture
Fracture is often one of the first symptoms and occurs with minor trauma or without any causative factors. In the lower extremities, pathological fractures have the highest rate of occurrence, and once they occur, the pain increases and swelling becomes obvious. In the spine, paralysis occurs quickly. (5) For those who have symptoms of primary cancer, their general condition is poor, including anemia, emaciation, low fever, weakness and loss of appetite. For those without primary cancer, the general condition is better, and some patients will have general symptoms soon. If the above manifestations occur, it is generally necessary to consider that the tumor has occurred bone metastasis, which requires consultation in orthopedics, and even the pain that is different from other diseases occurs, it is necessary to seek early consultation and orthopedic intervention treatment as early as possible in order to improve the quality of life of patients.