Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of motor dysfunction in children after poliomyelitis has been controlled, which brings a heavy burden to families and society. In the past 20 years, due to the development of perinatal medicine and the improvement of neonatal intensive care and treatment techniques, the neonatal mortality rate has decreased significantly, but the incidence of cerebral palsy has not decreased, but has a tendency to increase, and the incidence rate is reported to be about 0.18%-0.4% in China. With the development of medicine and civilization, human understanding of the pathogenic mechanism and clinical manifestations of cerebral palsy has been developed and perfected, however, there is no satisfactory treatment to cure cerebral palsy, and, as the affected children grow up, different types and degrees of secondary damage may occur. In this article, we introduce the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of cerebral palsy. 1. Diagnosis The first case of cerebral palsy was reported by Little, an orthopedic surgeon in England, in 1862, when only the descriptive concept of “spastic paralysis” was proposed. After more than 140 years of development, the definition of cerebral palsy has been continuously improved, and in 1988, the definition of cerebral palsy in China was: non-progressive brain injury caused by various reasons from before birth to within 1 month after birth, mainly manifested as central motor disorders and postural abnormalities. The symptoms appear in infancy and are sometimes combined with mental retardation, epilepsy, perceptual disorders and other abnormalities, and should exclude central motor disorders caused by progressive diseases and temporary motor retardation in normal children. The definition of cerebral palsy published in the Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in May 2007: Cerebral palsy is a syndrome caused by non-progressive brain injury and developmental defects from conception to infancy, mainly manifesting as movement disorders and postural abnormalities. In 2007, Rosenbaum reported that the definition of cerebral palsy discussed by the Executive Committee of the International Workshop on the Definition and Classification of Cerebral Palsy was: “Cerebral palsy describes a group of non-progressive disorders of the developing fetal or infant brain that result in permanent developmental disorders of movement and posture with restricted mobility. Cerebral palsy describes a group of permanent developmental disorders of movement and posture that occur in the developing fetal or infant brain as a result of non-progressive dysfunctions that limit movement. The diagnosis of cerebral palsy is mainly based on history and physical examination, and there are four main manifestations: (1) delayed or impaired motor development and abnormal motor patterns; (2) reduced active movement; (3) abnormal muscle tone, posture, and limited joint range of motion; and (4) abnormal reflexes: delayed disappearance or persistence of primary reflexes and reduced or absent protective reflexes. CT, MRI, EEG, TCD and other neuroimaging and electrophysiological examinations cannot be used as a basis for diagnosis, but they can help to understand the cause and determine the condition. Diagnostic conditions for cerebral palsy: (1) the lesion causing the movement disorder is in the brain, and “brain” is the general term for brain stem, diencephalon, telencephalon, cerebellum and their neural connections; (2) the causative factor of cerebral palsy and its subsequent cerebral The causative factor of cerebral palsy and its subsequent abnormal developmental or pathological damage process occur at a very early stage around life, and the symptoms appear in infancy; (3) cerebral palsy must be dominated by motor disability, but the clinical phenotype of the disability can be different, such as myoclonus, myotonia, ataxia, balance function deficiency, random movement function deficiency, etc.; however, for many concomitant conditions, such as epilepsy, mental deficiency, sensory impairment, cognitive impairment, language impairment, behavioral impairment, etc. (4) Early developmental abnormalities and damage to the brain are “static”-that is, they do not deteriorate further and the disorder will “However, the clinical manifestations are not static, and as the child grows, they may lead to tendon contractures, bone and joint deformities, and pain due to uneven strength between muscle groups, inconsistent growth of spastic muscle groups and bones, and poor biomechanical alignment. Further disorders such as pain. Rehabilitation assessment is an important part of the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. Rehabilitation assessment is not only a judgment of the child’s functional status and potential ability, but also a process of collecting, quantifying, analyzing and comparing the data of the child’s functional status in all aspects with normal standards. The functional disorders of children with cerebral palsy often involve multiple aspects. When available, the rehabilitation evaluation team should be composed of pediatric neurologists, rehabilitation physicians, physical therapists, occupational therapists, prosthetic orthopedists, speech therapists, orthopedic surgeons or microsurgeons, developmental pediatricians, ophthalmologists, otorhinolaryngologists, psychologists, rehabilitation nurses, special teachers and other professionals, in order to Comprehensive evaluation and better formulation of rehabilitation plan. The rehabilitation techniques include neurophysiological therapy (such as Bobath, Vojta and Rood techniques), Ueda method, guided education (Peto method), motor learning therapy, traditional movement therapy (such as muscle control training techniques, muscle strength enhancement techniques, muscle stretching techniques, joint (e.g., muscle control training techniques, muscle strengthening techniques, muscle stretching techniques, joint mobility techniques, motor balance training, etc.), compulsory-induced movement therapy (CIMT), occupational therapy, physical therapy techniques (e.g., neuromuscular electrical stimulation, myoelectric biofeedback therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, hydrotherapy, light therapy, ultrashort wave therapy), and traditional Chinese rehabilitation therapies (e.g., acupuncture, Tui Na massage, buried thread, acupuncture point injection and traditional Chinese medicine, etc.), rehabilitation engineering technology that combines engineering technology with rehabilitation medicine, as well as speech therapy for accompanying speech disorders, cognitive training for mental retardation, behavioral therapy for behavioral disorders, horseback riding therapy, music and recreational therapy, and anti-epileptic treatment. For the rehabilitation of movement disorders, Bobath technique, as a classical neurodevelopmental therapy, is the most commonly used treatment method and technique, and the guided education created by Peto consists of a conductor (conductor) who gives children with cerebral palsy the various rehabilitation treatments and education they need through group training in the same residential environment, so that children with cerebral palsy can improve their motor function, activities of daily living, sensory cognitive ability, learning ability, and so on. This method is currently used in the Disabled Persons’ Federation, civil affairs and special schools. Motor learning therapy is theoretically based on neurophysiology, biomechanics, behavioral science and cognitive psychology, and oriented by homework or functional training, emphasizing the importance of subjective participation and cognition of the affected child, through learning normal motor patterns and constant repetition of training to establish and restore motor functions, and is now applied in the correction of abnormal gait and the learning of normal motor sensations and patterns. Compulsory use of motor therapy is mainly used to improve upper limb motor function in children with hemiplegia by limiting the use of the healthy upper limb in the living environment and compulsory repetitive use of the affected upper limb [7]. Regarding plyometric training, the traditional view is that it increases the degree of spasticity and joint response in children with cerebral palsy and is not conducive to the formation of normal motor patterns, so plyometric strengthening training for children with cerebral palsy is not advocated. In recent years, it has been shown that plyometric training increases muscle strength and motor control and does not increase the degree of spasticity in the child’s muscle groups [8]. The purpose of occupational therapy is to improve the upper limb motor function, coordination, independent living ability and adaptability of the child, which is important for improving the quality of life and the ability of the child to receive education. Chinese traditional rehabilitation therapies, such as acupuncture, tui na, buried thread, acupoint injection and traditional Chinese medicine, are widely used in China and all have different degrees of efficacy. Physiotherapy techniques using physical factors such as electricity, heat, magnetism, infrared light, ultrasound, and hydrodynamics are also more effective in aiding the treatment of movement disorders, such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation can be used to aid in improving muscle strength, relieving limb spasticity, and improving motor function in children with cerebral palsy [9]. As physical therapy applies more relevant techniques to cerebral palsy rehabilitation, it can be expected that more rehabilitation treatments for cerebral palsy will be generated. Baclofen oral and intrathecal blocks are less commonly used because of their side effects, while baclofen electronic syringe pumps are not yet widely used because of their high cost and phenol and ethanol blocks are rarely used because they cause persistent sensory loss. Since Koman first reported the use of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) local intramuscular injections to reduce spasticity in children with cerebral palsy, BTX-A intramuscular injections have been widely used to treat limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy [10-13]. In recent years, rehabilitation engineering techniques have played an increasingly important role in the rehabilitation treatment of children with cerebral palsy, and the most widely used are various orthopedic devices. Currently, ankle foot orthosis (AFO), sitting posture correction system, and hip abduction orthosis are the most widely used ones [14-15]. In addition, functional electrical stimulation devices can improve speech impairment and swallowing difficulties in children with cerebral palsy. Daily living aids also improve the living ability of children with cerebral palsy to varying degrees. With the development of electronic computer artificial intelligence technology, micro-nano and biomaterial technology, the application of rehabilitation engineering technology in children with cerebral palsy will be more promising. Surgical orthopedic surgery mainly includes muscle and tendon severing, tendon lengthening, tendon transposition, bone orthopedic surgery, etc. The surgery is simple, repeatable and has significant effect on the fixed deformity of limbs in children with cerebral palsy. Selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR) and peripheral nerve reduction for spastic cerebral palsy can completely relieve the spasticity of limbs, but the long-term efficacy is yet to be evaluated. New therapies and techniques such as neural stem cell transplantation, brain transplantation, gene therapy, and brain stereotactic intervention techniques are being researched and have a broad prospect. Effective long-term rehabilitation management for children with cerebral palsy is one of the main contents of cerebral palsy rehabilitation. Children with cerebral palsy not only receive rehabilitation treatment in medical institutions, but also need to be extended to the community and family, so as to ensure the continuity and long-term nature of rehabilitation treatment. In China, community rehabilitation is still a new topic, and there are still many problems and difficulties to promote and popularize community rehabilitation and make it sustainable. In order to make these basic problems clearly solved, it is necessary to establish a scientific and reasonable cerebral palsy rehabilitation management system and network. A combined rehabilitation model of institutional hospital-community hospital-disability federation-family-school can be adopted to regularly train the staff and parents of community hospitals, disability federations and schools, and to establish a cerebral palsy referral and consultation service system so that children with cerebral palsy can simultaneously receive functional rehabilitation, In order to maximize the comprehensive rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy, so that they can participate in normal social life as soon as possible, a comprehensive service of education, medical care and social competence has been established.