International scholars have developed the Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation, which are now widely recommended in clinical practice. The diagnostic criteria are: (1) symptoms must include two or more of the following: (1) at least 25% of bowel movements are strained; (2) at least 25% of bowel movements are dry bulbous stools or hard stools; (3) at least 25% of bowel movements have a sense of incompleteness; (4) at least 25% of bowel movements have a sense of anorectal obstruction or blockage; (5) at least 25% of bowel movements require manual assistance (e.g., finger-assisted bowel movements, pelvic floor support); (6) the number of bowel movements 3 times/week. (2) Rarely have loose stools in the absence of laxatives. (3) There is insufficient evidence to diagnose irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Symptoms have been present for at least 6 months prior to diagnosis, and symptoms in the last 3 months meet the above diagnostic criteria. Diagnosis of functional constipation: i. Rely on medical history. Detailed history taking and physical examination can provide important information for further diagnosis of chronic constipation. Detailed examination should be conducted from the characteristics of the patient’s constipation symptoms (frequency of defecation, stool properties, degree of difficulty in defecation, bowel movement), concomitant symptoms, underlying diseases, dietary structure, lifestyle habits and medication use, etc. Second, anorectal examination is easy and convenient to understand the local structure (hemorrhoids, anal fissure, rectal prolapse, swelling, etc.), fecal impaction, whether the finger stains blood or not, and abnormal descent of the perineum during forceful defecation, and to obtain first-hand information on the function of the anal sphincter and puborectal muscle. Third, perform the necessary laboratory, imaging and colonoscopic examinations to clarify whether the constipation is due to organic pathology. After excluding constipation caused by organic lesions, the type of constipation and the degree of constipation can be further clarified by gastrointestinal transmission test and anorectal manometry. In addition, patients with significant anxiety and depression should be investigated psychologically and analyzed to determine the causal relationship between the change in psychological status and constipation.