We found that there are such and such cognitive misconceptions both among ordinary patients and even among some respiratory physicians. First, repeated attacks of pneumothorax, repeated chest puncture or closed chest drainage, patients are reluctant to undergo surgery, or think that the cost of surgery is high, and repeated medical treatment. In fact, more than two episodes of pneumothorax require surgical treatment. Because after two attacks, the attacks will become more and more frequent, seriously affecting the physical condition and delaying work and study, especially for junior or senior students, who need to rest for about ten days for one attack, sometimes two attacks in a month, seriously delaying the progress of classes and revision. The cost of multiple hospitalizations for recurrent attacks may add up to more than the cost of one surgery, a situation we have seen time and again. Furthermore, after repeated episodes of severe thoracic adhesions, surgery is difficult, bleeding is more, surgical results are not difficult to be guaranteed, and the cost of surgery in this case will be significantly higher. Second, recurrent attacks of pneumothorax, internal medicine physicians also do not advocate surgery for patients; or for some reason, do not inform patients of the option of surgical treatment. In fact, both internal medicine textbooks and surgical textbooks clearly state that “surgical treatment is recommended for more than two episodes of pneumothorax”. The vast majority of internists are not unaware of what to do, but are driven by the interest to hold the unknown patients in their hands and overly ineffective medical treatment. Third, the pneumothorax attack, the closed drainage of the chest cavity, continued leakage of air for more than two weeks, but still continue medical treatment, the result every time to cause some serious consequences, such as the formation of abscess chest; lung surface fiber plate formation, even if the surgery lung is difficult to completely reopen; thoracic adhesions dense, surgery more difficult, bleeding more; originally can be completed thoracoscopic surgery, due to prolonged drainage, forced to open chest surgery, etc.. In fact, if the patient still leaks air after two weeks of drainage, it is better to operate as long as the body can tolerate it. Fourth, think that thoracoscopic surgery is “incomplete” and “unclean”. In fact, with the development of thoracoscopic surgery technology today, almost all operations under open-chest surgery can be completed under the lumpectomy, such as thoracoscopic mediastinal lymph node dissection surgery, so thoracoscopic surgery for pneumothorax can completely achieve the same surgical curative effect as standard open-chest incision (incision length 20-25cm), but the minimally invasive effect of thoracoscopy is incomparable to that of open-chest surgery. In recent years, many internists like to use “deep vein placement” to replace the previous chest drainage tube. The early effect of this method is good and easy to be accepted by patients. But practice shows: this kind of drainage tube is easy to block after three or four days, often delaying the treatment, when using this situation to pay attention to. Sixth, many patients, family members, and even doctors will say “it is just a simple pneumothorax surgery”. It is true that in most cases, pneumothorax surgery is not complicated, but in case of repeated attacks, repeated intubation and drainage, elderly patients, combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema, low cardiopulmonary function, huge and multiple pulmonary blisters, the surgery is not so simple, sometimes the surgery requires special methods, techniques, materials and surgical procedures, and the perioperative period is also quite risky.