The treatment of pleural effusion mainly includes the following two aspects:1. The first aspect is to give targeted treatment only according to the clinical symptoms caused by the amount of pleural effusion to relieve the clinical discomfort of the patient. If the amount of pleural effusion is relatively large, it may compress the lung and lead to a series of uncomfortable clinical manifestations such as difficulty in breathing and inability to lie down, etc. Targeted thoracentesis and drainage can be given to reduce the symptoms of lung compression caused by pleural effusion; 2. For benign pleural effusion, if the amount of pleural effusion is not large, pleural effusion does not necessarily require targeted puncture and other dispositions. For example, for tuberculous pleural effusion, if it only causes pleurisy, on a clear basis, thoracentesis and aspiration is an important method, and effective anti-tuberculosis treatment is a very critical step for the etiology; when tuberculous pleural effusion appears with other manifestations such as encapsulated abscess chest, thoracentesis and drainage may be more difficult, and in the above case, if it causes discomfort to the patient, it can be used For pleural effusion caused by pneumonia, if the amount of pleural effusion is relatively small, it can be completely absorbed and cured through the treatment of pneumonia itself. For other causes such as connective tissue disease in the above cases, the pleural effusion can be controlled to some extent by dealing with the primary disease; for benign pleural effusion of other causes, such as cardiac insufficiency and hypoproteinemia, the cardiac insufficiency can be corrected and the hypoproteinemia can be dealt with, and the pleural effusion can be completely absorbed after pre-treatment if the pleural effusion does not cause clinical symptoms; for malignant On the one hand, systemic treatment can be given through intravenous or oral administration of drugs, and on the other hand, relevant interventions can be carried out in the pleural cavity, such as intra-thoracic injection of relevant drugs and thoracoscopic interventions. For recalcitrant malignant pleural effusions, thoracoscopic pleural atresia can be considered to a certain extent. The above mentioned palliative treatment can improve the patient’s quality of life and improve the patient’s uncomfortable clinical manifestations. Overall, the clinical treatment of pleural effusion is based on relieving the patient’s clinical symptoms first, and on this basis, appropriate clinical treatment is given for different etiologies.