Typical acute pyelonephritis has an acute onset, with episodes of chills, fever, low back pain usually accompanied by abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, painful urination, frequent urination and increased nocturia. General symptoms High fever, chills, body temperature mostly at 38-39℃, but can also be as high as 40℃, fever type varies, usually flaccid, but also intermittent or retention type, with headache, generalized aches and pains, and sweating when the fever subsides. Urinary tract symptoms Patients have low back pain, mostly dull pain or soreness, with varying degrees, a few have abdominal cramps, radiating along the ureter toward the bladder; on physical examination, there is pressure pain at the upper ureteral point (intersection of the external line of the rectus abdominis and the umbilical cord) or the rib and lumbar point (intersection of the external edge of the psoas major muscle and the twelve ribs), positive percussion pain in the kidney area, patients often have urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary pain and other bladder irritation symptoms, in the case of episodic infection, may precede the systemic In the case of episodic infection, it may appear before systemic symptoms. Gastrointestinal symptoms may include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and individual patients may have pain in the upper and middle abdomen or the whole abdomen. Bacteremia and sepsis Although symptomatic patients with acute pyelonephritis may have bacteraemia during the course of their disease, they may also have sepsis. Pediatric patients Pediatric patients often do not have obvious urologic symptoms. At the onset of the disease, in addition to systemic symptoms such as high fever, there are often convulsions, seizures, and in children under 2 years of age, fever, vomiting, nonspecific abdominal discomfort or dyskinesia if present. During the care of chronic pyelonephritis, we are told by doctors or nurses to drink more water, but why should we drink more water in chronic pyelonephritis? I’m afraid no one understands what the mystery is, and why chronic pyelonephritis care should be done this way. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who have been in the process of getting a lot of water to drink during the care of chronic pyelonephritis. This is extremely detrimental to the care of chronic pyelonephritis. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who have been in the business for a long time, and that is why you have to be careful. The most important thing is to pay attention to the care of chronic pyelonephritis. In general, in the process of chronic pyelonephritis care, the daily water intake should be at least more than 2000 ml in order to achieve good results, otherwise, chronic pyelonephritis care may have little effect, or even in vain.