Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, nowadays, has become the main treatment for intermediate to advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Traditionally, TACE is commonly administered with a mixture of iodine oil plus adriamycin, cisplatin or other chemotherapeutic agents. However, this method has 2 main defects: 1. Local deposition of iodine oil emulsion sometimes cannot achieve satisfactory results, and the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs on tumor tissues decreases with the extension of time. 2. The traditional drug carrier is lipid, while chemotherapeutic drugs are water-soluble. This traditional emulsion leads to rapid release of chemotherapeutic drugs into the blood stream and thus into the systemic circulatory system, which increases systemic adverse effects and decreases local efficacy. However, in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, the sustained release of the drug and the maintenance of the drug concentration within the tumor play an important role. Recently, a newly developed drug-eluting particle has been developed to increase the drug concentration inside the tumor, reduce the systemic absorption of the drug, and simultaneously embolize the blood supplying arteries to the tumor. With the application of DEB, the question has begun to be asked: can today’s conventional iodine oil be replaced? To this end, randomized controlled studies have been conducted to compare the efficacy of conventional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using drug-eluting particles in the treatment of intermediate to advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, and the incidence of side effects and complications.