Male infertility is a complex and difficult problem to solve, with a variety of causes and a wide range of conditions. When diagnosing, it is important to first find the cause of infertility and then take different treatments according to the cause. This issue introduces several common causes of male infertility and prevention. 1) How do urogenital infections cause male infertility? Genital tract infections are one of the most common factors causing male infertility. Male genital tract infections often cause orchitis, epididymitis, prostatitis, vesiculitis, urethritis, etc. The pathogens that cause reproductive tract infections are gonococcus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, viruses, mycoplasma, Chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas and other non-specific pathogenic bacteria, among which mycoplasma and chlamydia cause the most common reproductive tract infections. (1) Pathogens directly affect sperm function (e.g., mycoplasma, chlamydia, etc.) and can affect sperm production, sperm viability and sperm transport, resulting in oligospermia and reduced fertility in men. (2) Inflammation leads to obstructive azoospermia, and tuberculosis of the genital tract can lead to obstruction of the vas deferens and cause azoospermia. (3) Infertility by affecting the secretion function of the accessory gonads, resulting in prostate secretion dysfunction, both of which can cause the lack of semen liquefaction factor in the semen, resulting in semen indigestion. (4) stimulate the production of anti-sperm antibodies; (5) cause urethritis, urethral stricture and ejaculation disorders; (6) impair sperm function through leukocytes and their metabolites. 2) How does prostatitis cause male infertility? The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things. The common symptoms of chronic prostatitis are mainly frequent urination, painful urination, incomplete urination, white discharge from the urethra after urination, often pain in the testicles, spermatic cord, perineum, lumbosacral area, sexual dysfunction, premature ejaculation, impotence, neurasthenia and other symptoms. Chronic prostatitis can cause male infertility, the main reasons are: ① chronic prostatitis often causes sexual dysfunction; ② reduced secretion of prostatic fluid, which leads to reduced semen volume, increased viscosity, prolonged liquefaction time after discharge, affecting the survival and vitality of sperm; ③ bacteria, toxins and inflammatory secretions in prostatic fluid can consume oxygen and nutrients in semen, threatening the survival of sperm; can cause sperm agglutination, decreased vitality, reduced sperm count and increased malformed sperm; ⑤ in prostatitis, zinc concentration is reduced and sperm vitality is reduced. 3) How does varicocele cause infertility? Varicocele has a close relationship with infertility as 30% to 40% of the patients have combined infertility. The causes of infertility caused by varicocele are: ① When varicocele is caused by blood stagnation in the spermatic vein, it can cause an increase in the temperature of the scrotum, and the temperature of the testes can be increased by 1℃ to 2℃, and the temperature continues to increase for a long time, which can affect sperm production in the testes and lead to azoospermia and oligospermia; the epididymis is also not conducive to sperm maturation. However, impaired spermatogenesis mainly occurs in the primary spermatocyte and sperm cell stages. ② Blood stagnation, increased pressure in the spermatic veins, and lack of oxygen and nutrients affect the removal of metabolites, thus affecting spermatogenesis and maturation. ③ varicocele damages the interstitial cells of the testes, reducing testosterone secretion, peripheral blood testosterone content also decreases, and endocrine disorders to the point of interfering with spermatogenesis and maturation. Preventive measures for male infertility: frequent travelers and tourists should develop good hygiene habits to reduce the chances of reproductive tract infections. To actively prevent various acute and chronic infectious diseases, such as mumps, this disease can be complicated by testicular inflammation, causing testicular atrophy, affecting sperm production function. The unexplained enlargement, hardness, unevenness and pain of the testicles should be examined as soon as they are detected. Long-term standing workers can develop varicocele, which affects testicular metabolism and causes a decrease in the quantity and quality of sperm, and should increase exercise and reduce standing positions. In addition, people who are often exposed to radioactive substances, high-temperature work and those who are exposed to more toxic substances should pay attention to protection. If impotence, premature ejaculation and abnormal ejaculation occur during sexual life, they should not blame each other, but should be treated correctly with a scientific attitude, and under the guidance of a doctor and with the cooperation of both spouses, most of them can be cured. Overcoming bad habits such as smoking and alcohol abuse is also of great significance to the prevention of male infertility.