Gout is one of the common diseases in endocrinology and metabolism, which is a group of diseases caused by disorders of purine metabolism and/or impaired uric acid excretion in the body. Hyperuricemia is the common feature. The clinical manifestations are characteristic arthritis, gout stone formation, joint deformities, kidney stones, obstructive nephropathy, and even induced uremia. The common population and causes of gout 1, gender: mostly seen in men, male to female ratio 20:1; 2, age: mostly seen above 40 years old, peak age 50-59 years old, almost all women occur after menopause; 3, lifestyle: mostly seen in obesity, alcoholism, less physical activity and mental labor; 4, common causes: alcohol consumption (especially beer), high protein and high purine diet, exertion, cold, drugs (such as diuretics), etc. 1. Acute gouty arthritis: mainly in the joints of the lower limbs, mostly in the first metatarsophalangeal joint, with single joint attacks. The first attack often begins in the early morning, but it is also common to have a sudden onset in the middle of the night, waking up every time due to joint pain. The affected joints are red, swollen, hot, painful and dysfunctional. It is self-limiting and resolves on its own within a few hours to a few weeks, leaving no trace. The interval between attacks is completely normal and can be repeated. 2.Gout stone: Gout stone, also known as gout nodules, is a characteristic change of gout. Typical gouty stones appear in the ear wheel, but the most common site is around the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Gout stones vary in size and texture and are yellowish-white in color, and can break down to discharge white toothpaste-like material when larger. Later on, it can damage subcutaneous tissues, joints and bones, leading to stiffness and deformity of joints. 3. Kidney damage of gout: mainly includes uric acid nephropathy and uric acid nephropathy, uric acid kidney stones, etc. Treatment of gout: 1. Acute attack: Rapid termination of acute arthritic attacks, colchicine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as etoricoxib, anti-inflammatory pain, ibuprofen, etc.) can be used, and glucocorticoids are only considered when the condition is particularly severe or when there are contraindications to the above drugs. 2. Intermittent and chronic treatment: maintain normal blood uric acid level, prevent arthritis attacks, reduce gout stones, and protect kidney function. There are mainly drugs to promote uric acid excretion (such as benzbromarone), inhibit uric acid production (such as allopurinol), etc. Pay attention to drinking more water and alkalizing urine (oral baking soda tablets). How to prevent gout? 1, reasonable diet: patients who already suffer from gout should prohibit alcohol (especially beer), limit meat, and eat protein mainly milk and eggs. Usually eat more fruits, vegetables and other alkaline foods, and at the same time should drink a lot of water (2000-3000 ml per day) to promote uric acid excretion. Gout patients should limit the intake of meat, especially animal offal (such as liver, kidney, brain), seafood (such as crab, har gow, etc.), gumbo, etc. should never be eaten in the acute attack period, and should also be limited at ordinary times, because they contain high purines. At the same time mushrooms, nori, also can not eat, can induce gout attacks. 2, reduce weight: gout, hyperuricemia is mostly seen in obese people, often combined with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, etc.. Through exercise and food restriction, to maintain their ideal weight, is an important part of the control of the development of the disease. 3, avoid strain: strenuous exercise or overexertion can trigger gouty arthritis attacks. Therefore, people should pay attention to the spirit of life and avoid overexertion. 4, standardized medication: most patients need long-term uric acid treatment, need to eradicate the concept of “no pain, no need to take drugs”, and do not need to worry too much about the side effects of drugs, the current medical community on the mechanism of action of clinical uric acid drugs and possible adverse reactions have been very clear, as long as under the guidance of doctors to take, regular monitoring of blood, liver and kidney function, the use of It is very safe to use. It is worth mentioning that many patients only stay in the acute attack of pain and anti-inflammatory, ignoring the intermittent treatment of uric acid, which leads to recurrent attacks of gout, and even causes serious consequences such as gouty kidney and joint deformity. Therefore, gout patients must not “forget the pain when they are well” and must adhere to long-term, standardized treatment. As long as under the guidance of the doctor reasonable diet, standardized medication, regular review, not only to achieve a safe and reliable clinical use of drugs, but also to effectively avoid recurrent gout attacks.