The incidence rate of liver cancer in China ranks the first in the world, and liver cancer ranks second (after stomach cancer) in the death rate of various cancers, and most liver cancer cases are found late, which makes treatment costly and ineffective. Therefore, early prevention of liver cancer is particularly important. The currently accepted preventive measures for liver cancer are divided into prevention of incidence (primary prevention), early diagnosis and treatment (secondary prevention), and improvement of outcome (tertiary prevention). Among them, prevention of incidence is closely related to everyone, which requires people to take the initiative to learn and master the knowledge of liver cancer prevention from the daily life, so as to prevent cancer before it happens.
1. Vaccination, “killing three birds with one stone”.
Hepatitis B, C and D viruses have been proven to increase the chance of liver cancer, especially the first two have a high detection rate among liver cancer patients in China. More than 80% of existing liver cancer patients in China also suffer from chronic hepatitis B or C. Chronic viral hepatitis can directly contribute to the carcinogenesis of liver cells, which is the basis for the formation of liver cancer. Therefore, effective prevention of viral hepatitis is the most important means to prevent the occurrence of liver cancer. Everyone should get vaccinated against hepatitis B. Once the vaccination is successful, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of hepatitis B and block the emergence of hepatitis D (which is a defective virus that can only be contracted on the basis of hepatitis B), and also prevent liver cancer, which can be called “killing three birds with one stone”.
2, diet, “coarse” and refuse “mold”.
(1) Diet should be nutritious and rich.
We should pay attention to the balance of nutrients in the diet, not to be partial, and usually eat more vegetables, fruits and coarse grains, and less refined rice, refined flour, animal fat and low-fiber food. Because coarse grains, vegetables and fruits are rich in minerals and vitamins, which are beneficial to the prevention of liver cancer.
Rice bran is not only rich in B vitamins, can protect the liver, and rice bran fiber adsorption of carcinogenic harmful substances is quite good. Because the human body lacks the enzyme which digests the rice bran fiber, therefore the harmful substance which is adsorbed is all discharged from the body by the rice bran fiber in the form of stool. Liver disease or hepatitis B surface antigen long-term carriers, such as the frequent use of rice bran seasoning recipes to adsorb and excrete harmful substances in the digestive tract, it is a good way to prevent liver cancer.
(2) Avoid eating moldy food.
Peanuts, corn, dried white potatoes, etc. in the home collection are easily contaminated by aflatoxin, which is 75 times more carcinogenic than nitrosamines and 4,000 times more carcinogenic than benzopyrene. Therefore, once the above food is found moldy, do not eat again. If you eat moldy peanuts to drink, the possibility of inducing liver cancer will be greater. In addition, rotten fish, meat contains a large amount of amines, rotten vegetables, fruits and repeatedly boiled water, contains a large number of nitrites. Nitrite is very easy to combine with amines to produce carcinogenic nitrosamines.
Stale oils contain malondialdehyde, which can generate polymers and react with proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the body, promoting structural mutation of proteins, loss of normal function of cells and transformation to initial cancer cells. In addition, malondialdehyde polymers can also hinder DNA replication and speed up the aging process in humans. Therefore, animal and vegetable oils should not be stored for too long, has deteriorated (can have a harsh smell) should not be consumed.
Selenium is known by scientists as the human trace elements in the “king of anti-cancer”, can be used for low selenium people with selenium-rich yeast, selenium polysaccharide, selenium salt supplement selenium to improve blood selenium levels.
3.Don’t let drugs poison your liver.
Hormonal immunosuppressants as well as contraceptive drugs are the main toxic drugs that lead to liver damage and even liver cancer, and we cannot use them indiscriminately, let alone for a long time. In addition, the treatment of psoriasis, such as double morpholine (the drug has been banned) may also cause liver cancer.
The Chinese and Western medicines that cause more liver damage are: Lei Gong Vine, Kunming Mountain Begonia, Qian Li Guang, Cang Er Zi, Neem, Neem Bark, Guan Zong, Fang Ji, Huang Yao Zi; Phenytoin Sodium, Furantoin, Aminophenone, Ketoconazole, Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Paracetamol, Piroxicam, Valproic Acid, Carbamazepine, Labetalol, Nicotinic Acid, etc.
4. Quit smoking and limit alcohol to let the liver rest.
The carcinogens contained in cigarettes have a direct role in the occurrence of lung cancer and are also related to the production of other tumors such as liver cancer, so it is best to quit smoking.
Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis, of which cirrhosis is a high-risk factor for liver cancer, and cases of alcoholic cirrhosis developing into liver cancer are not uncommon. Especially for those who have a history of chronic hepatitis, they should quit drinking completely. After alcohol enters the body, more than 90% of it has to be metabolized by the liver. Drinking a lot of alcohol makes the liver “overloaded”, which will cause liver cell damage and abnormal liver function in the long run. At the same time, alcohol can promote the integration of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus into the liver cells, so that the normal liver cells mutate and become liver cancer cells.
5. Exercise diligently and be relaxed.
Except in special cases where exercise is not appropriate, everyone should do physical exercise at the right time to effectively improve the immune function of various organs, thus avoiding the cancer of liver cells and preventing liver cancer.
About 90% or more of hepatitis patients have psychopathology. If their psychological guidance and treatment are neglected, coupled with the poor psychological quality of some patients, they are prone to adverse emotions such as fear, anxiety and depression. Such emotions persist for a long time, which will lead to a series of neurological, endocrine and immune function changes, resulting in a significant decrease of T lymphocytes (lymphocytes are the main anti-cancer cells) in the blood, leading to an increased chance and speed of tumor growth.