For benign thyroid nodules undergoing total thyroidectomy, replacement therapy with oral eugenol should be started immediately after surgery, and thereafter thyroid function should be monitored regularly to keep thyrotropin (TSH) levels in the normal range; for those with partial thyroid preservation, thyroid function should also be monitored regularly after surgery, and eugenol replacement therapy should be given promptly if hypothyroidism is detected during monitoring. In patients with benign thyroid nodules with normal thyroid function after surgery, the latest guidelines do not recommend TSH suppressive therapy to prevent nodule recurrence, i.e., no eugenol is required.