Demyelination of the white matter of the brain refers to chronic cerebral ischemia or some metabolic factors that cause lesions in the sheaths that encase nerve fibers in the white matter of the brain. This is referred to as white matter demyelination. The common clinical diseases include cortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, multiple sclerosis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, subacute sclerosing encephalitis, corpus callosum degeneration, and concentric cirrhosis. If it is an acute disease, the patient may show cognitive impairment, memory loss, forgetfulness, dizziness, etc. The patient may also show motor impairment, ataxia, reduced movement, and mental symptoms, such as emotional disturbance.