Cerebral white matter demyelination is a lesion in which the white matter of the brain undergoes demyelinating changes. The white matter of the brain is the part of the brain parenchyma composed of nerve fibers that are wrapped externally by composite cells to form a myelin sheath, which serves to ensure the effective transmission of nerve impulses. Age-related demyelination of the white matter of the brain is a degenerative lesion and does not require specific treatment. If the pathological factors lead to cerebral white matter demyelination, the following therapeutic measures can be applied: 1. If the cerebral white matter demyelination changes are caused by nutritional metabolic disorders, such as vitamin B12 deficiency, vitamin B12 supplementation can be targeted to help control symptoms; 2. If the cerebral white matter demyelination changes are caused by ischemia and hypoxia, such as multiple lacunar cerebral infarcts, the use of combination of improving local microcirculation, 3. If the demyelination of cerebral white matter is caused by immune-related factors, such as multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, glucocorticoid therapy should be actively used, and immunosuppressive therapy can be added after the disease is controlled and stabilized. Usually pay attention to regular rest, avoid staying up late, avoid overwork, quit smoking and drinking, improve bad habits, and control the high-risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which can play a role in preventing cerebral white matter demyelination.