1.Niclosamide (kolamine): respiratory center excitatory drugs. It excites the respiratory center reflexively through the carotid sinus and aortic body chemoreceptors, and also has the effect of excitation of the medullary respiratory center. Used for central expiratory failure, secondary respiratory depression and circulatory failure. Excessive doses can cause increased blood pressure, palpitations, tremors, convulsions, and hyperthermia.
2.Santoprene (Lobeline):Respiratory excitatory drug. Can stimulate the carotid sinus and aortic body chemoreceptors, reflexively excite the respiratory center, so that the respiratory deepening accelerated. (Short maintenance time). Used for neonatal asphyxia, carbon monoxide-induced asphyxia, and respiratory failure caused by pneumonia, etc. Excessive amount can cause sweating, tachycardia, conduction block, respiratory depression, blood pressure drop, spasm and coma.
3, epinephrine hydrochloride: adrenergic receptor agonist. Excite α and β receptors, enhance myocardial contractility, accelerate heart rate, constrict blood vessels, relax gastrointestinal tract and bronchial smooth muscle. Used for cardiac resuscitation, anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, etc. Adverse reactions include increased heart rate, arrhythmia and even ventricular fibrillation, excessive dose or too fast sedation can cause a sudden rise in blood pressure.
4, isoprenaline (gasp): adrenaline drugs. Excite the heart, improve cardiac conduction, increase the amount of return blood, dilate visceral blood vessels, dilate bronchial smooth muscle. Used for slow arrhythmias, toxic shock and bronchial asthma. Overdose can cause arrhythmia.
5.Lidocaine:Class 1b antiarrhythmic, local anesthetic. It mainly acts on ventricular muscle, which can reduce myocardial excitability, slow down conduction speed and increase ventricular fibrillation threshold. It is used for acute ventricular arrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation due to acute heart attack and digitalis poisoning. Excessive doses may cause convulsions and cardiac arrest. Severe atrioventricular block is prohibited.
6, cardioplegia: 1c class antiarrhythmic drugs. With membrane stabilization, mild β receptor blocking effect and calcium channel blocking effect; increase coronary blood flow and mild to moderate inhibition of myocardial contractility effect. It is used for premature ventricular, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia and pre-excitation syndrome. It is prohibited in congestive heart failure, conduction block, bradycardia, cardiogenic shock, electrolyte disorders, and sinus disease.
7. Isoptin: Anti-arrhythmic drug, calcium channel blocking drug. Inhibits intracellular flow, slows heart rate and atrioventricular conduction, weakens myocardial contractility, reduces myocardial oxygen consumption, and lowers peripheral circulatory resistance. Used for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, premature atrial or junctional beats, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, angina pectoris, hypertension, etc. Ventricular arrhythmia, heart failure, hypotension, conduction block, sinus cardiogenic shock is prohibited.
8, West Dilantin (hairy flower cardiac prophylaxis): digitalis class cardiac drugs. Positive inotropic force, slowing heart rate, diuretic, etc.. Used for acute and chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Overdose can have bradycardia, atrioventricular block, arrhythmia, yellow vision, etc.
9, dopamine: anti-shock vasoactive drugs. For the synthesis of adrenaline precursor in vivo, with β receptor agonism, but also has a certain α receptor agonism. Can enhance myocardial contractility, increase cardiac blood volume, accelerate heart rate; contraction of peripheral blood vessels, dilation of visceral vessels, diuretic effect. Used in the treatment of various kinds of shock. Large doses can make respiratory acceleration, heart rate arrhythmia; should be supplemented with blood volume and correct acidosis before use.
10.Dobutamine: selective cardiac beta1 agonist. It can enhance myocardial contraction and increase cardiac blood output, and has a small effect on heart rate. Used for acute heart attack, pulmonary infarction caused by cardiogenic shock and postoperative hypovolemic syndrome, chronic congestive heart failure. Synergistic effect with sodium nitroprusside. Contraindicated in patients with hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, vasospastic tendency, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.
11, m-hydroxylamine (Alamine): adrenaline-like drugs. To excite mainly α receptors, weak effect on β1 receptors, can slowly and persistently constrict blood vessels and moderate enhancement of myocardial contractility. Used for various kinds of shock and hypotension during surgery, infarction shock, etc. It can cause cardiac arrhythmia, dramatic rise in blood pressure, acute pulmonary edema and cardiac arrest, etc. The drug leaks out of blood vessels and produces local necrosis. Hypertension, arteriosclerosis, organic heart disease, hyperthyroidism and diabetes patients are prohibited.
12, sodium nitroprusside: strong, fast-acting vasodilator. Directly dilates small arteries and veins and reduces peripheral vascular resistance. Used for hypertensive emergencies and acute heart failure. Can cause treacherous hypotension; for heart failure, start with a small dose, gradually increase the dose and gradually decrease the dose when stopping; to be temporarily prepared and used up within 12 hours; avoid light.
13.Nitroglycerin:Direct vasodilator. It dilates the veins and small arteries, reduces the amount of return blood, decreases the heart’s anterior and posterior load, reduces myocardial oxygen consumption and improves coronary blood supply. Used for congestive heart failure and hypertension; also used to treat pulmonary edema, extremity venous spasm and prevent angina pectoris. May cause upright hypotension. Forbidden for cerebral hemorrhage, cranial trauma, glaucoma, and allergy.
14.Liquidine (phentolamine): alpha-blocker. Directly dilates small arteries and capillaries, significantly reduces peripheral vascular resistance and cardiac afterload. Used to prevent and treat hypertension and hypertensive crisis due to pheochromocytoma; refractory heart failure; cardiogenic and toxic shock, severe pneumonia; local infiltration injection to prevent the occurrence of local tissue necrosis due to norepinephrine spillover, peripheral vasospastic disease and thrombo-occlusive vasculitis, etc. Common upright hypotension, tachycardia, angina pectoris, etc. Renal insufficiency, gastritis, peptic ulcer patients are prohibited.
15, Atropine: M choline receptor antagonist. Can release gastrointestinal and bronchial smooth muscle spasm, inhibit glandular secretion, dilate the pupil, increase intraocular pressure. Larger doses can lift the vagus nerve inhibition of the heart, so that the heart rate accelerates. It can release vascular spasm, improve microcirculation and play an anti-shock effect, and excite the respiratory center. It is used for visceral colic, premature beats, infectious shock, acute microcirculatory disorders, severe bradycardia, organophosphorus pesticide poisoning, inhibition of glandular secretion during anesthesia, and A – S syndrome. Overdose may cause slurred speech, respiratory distress, rapid heartbeat, etc. Glaucoma is prohibited.
16.654-2 (scopolamine): M-cholinergic receptor antagonist. The effect is similar to that of atropine, with stronger antispasmodic effect and weaker inhibition of glandular secretion. Used for gastroduodenal ulcer, also used for gastritis, pancreatitis, bile duct spasm and bile excretion disorder, hyperhidrosis and enuresis. Pre-operative and glaucoma patients should not be used.
17.Aminophylline:Asthma medicine. Directly dilate the bronchial tubes, excite the respiratory center, enhance myocardial contraction, increase renal blood flow and diuretic effects. Used for bronchial croup, often used in combination with adrenocorticosteroids. Also used for cardiogenic asthma and asthma with hypertension. Too fast and excessive dosing may cause dizziness, palpitations, arrhythmia, dramatic drop in blood pressure, convulsions, shock, etc. Use with caution in patients with cardiac arrhythmia, severe heart disease, acute myocardial damage, congestive heart failure, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, active peptic ulcer, etc.
18, tachyphylaxis (furosemide): strong diuretic. Can make a lot of Na+, Cl-, K+, Ca+, Mg+ and water out of the body. Used in congestive heart failure, cirrhosis ascites, renal failure and other edematous diseases, combined with other drugs for acute pulmonary edema and acute cerebral edema, etc. Can also be used for hypertension, hyperkalemia, acute drug poisoning and prevention of acute renal failure. It can cause hypotension, dehydration, hypokalemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia, gastrointestinal disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding, metabolic reactions and elevated blood sugar. Large amounts of sedation can cause temporary deafness and can aggravate idiopathic edema. Hypokalemia, patients with hepatic encephalopathy, and patients with high doses of digitalis are prohibited.
19.Dexamethasone (flumethasone): adrenocorticosteroid. Anti-inflammatory, anti-toxic, anti-allergic, strong inhibitory effect on pituitary-adrenal cortex. Mainly used for allergic and inflammatory diseases; also used for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, reduce intracranial pressure, etc. Use with caution in diabetes, Cushing’s syndrome, psychosis, peptic ulcer, active tuberculosis, etc.
20, Valium (diazepam): benzodiazepine central nervous system inhibitors. With sedative, hypnotic, muscle relaxation, anticonvulsant effect. Used for insomnia, persistent epilepsy or pediatric hyperthermia, tetanus and atropine and other drug poisoning-induced convulsions. / Commonly used for drowsiness, sedation, ataxia, etc. Glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, phobias or obsessive-compulsive disorder patients are prohibited.
21, posterior pituitary hormone: with hemostatic, anti-diuretic effect. Used for vomiting blood, hemoptysis, ruptured esophagogastric varices bleeding, postpartum bleeding. Contains oxytocin, a small dose can enhance the rhythmic contraction of the uterus, a large dose can cause tonic contraction, so that the uterine myometrial blood vessels are compressed and hemostatic effect. Hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, pulmonary heart disease is prohibited.
22, naloxone: opioid receptor antagonist. Can regulate the release of catecholamines and prostaglandins, release small arteries spasm, thus improving cerebral circulation and restoring brain cell function. It is used to relieve morphine analgesic overdose or poisoning, alcoholism, respiratory depression and cerebral resuscitation. Contraindicated in patients with cardiac dysfunction and hypertension.