Artificial insemination Artificial insemination technology refers to an assisted reproductive medicine technique in which sperm is placed in the female reproductive tract (mostly in the vagina and uterine cavity) in a non-coital manner, with a view to uniting the sperm with the egg, so that the sperm-egg union can lead to pregnancy and childbirth. According to the source of sperm, artificial insemination includes donor insemination and husband insemination. Artificial insemination by donor sperm Artificial insemination by donor sperm (AID) refers to artificial insemination using someone else’s semen, which is obtained from qualified volunteers. It is mainly applicable to: 1. male partner suffering from azoospermia or severe oligospermia which cannot be cured for a long time; 2. inbred marriage who is not suitable for fertility; 3. irreversible sterility after vasectomy; 4. male partner suffering from genetic disease or severely low intellectual or physical condition; 5. immune infertility, sterility or male partner with low fertility and strong demand; 6. RH factor incompatibility. Artificial insemination by husband Artificial insemination by husband (AIH) refers to the method of using the husband’s semen and injecting it into the wife’s vagina and cervical canal after treatment to make her conceive. Artificial insemination by husband is mainly applicable to: 1. the male partner has normal semen but has disorders in sexual intercourse, such as impotence, premature ejaculation, retrograde ejaculation, paraplegia, penile deformity, etc., which cannot make sperm ejaculate normally into the female reproductive tract; 2. low sperm count, high sperm deformity rate and semen non-liquefaction, etc.; 3. the female partner has vaginal and cervical deformity, and the semen cannot enter the reproductive tract normally. Artificial insemination methods: direct intravaginal insemination (IVI), intracervical artificial insemination (ICI), intrauterine insemination (IUI), direct intraperitoneal insemination (DIPI), direct intrafollicular insemination (DIFI), transvaginal intrafallopian tube insemination (TITI). Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a technique in which the husband’s semen is processed outside the body to optimize and capacitate the sperm, and then injected into the wife’s uterus by a physician to help infertile couples have children. Intrauterine insemination is mainly used for male infertility factors, such as positive anti-sperm antibodies in the husband, mild oligospermia, poor semen liquefaction, etc. It is also used for cervical infertility in the female partner. There are two options: one is natural menstrual cycle IUI for women with patent fallopian tubes, normal menstrual cycle and ovulation; the other is ovulation-promoting drugs plus IUI, which can help patients with anovulation to ovulate.