Thyroid tumor is a common disease, divided into benign and malignant tumors, accounting for more than 90% of endocrine system tumors. Recently, the incidence of nodular thyroid disease has increased in hospital health checkups. “Thyroid nodule” is a description of the morphology, which includes tumor. Cysts. It includes tumors, cysts, and lumps caused by other diseases. Self-examination of thyroid tumors is very important, and the following points should be noted: 1) pay attention to the morphology of the thyroid gland, the enlargement of the butterfly state, most commonly seen in endemic goiter. Thyroiditis and some patients with hyperthyroidism. Rounded lumps occurring in one part of the thyroid gland are most commonly seen in thyroid cysts, adenomas and carcinomas. 2) Pay attention to the size of the lump, benign tumors are within 2 cm in diameter, more than 2 cm should be suspected of thyroid cancer. 3) Pay attention to the smoothness and softness of the lump. 4) Pay attention to the growth rate of the mass. 5) Note whether there are palpable enlarged lymph nodes around the mass. 6) Pay attention to whether it is accompanied by a muffled voice, which is a characteristic of malignant tumors. Ultrasound plays a very important role in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid tumor in hospital examination, an experienced ultrasound doctor can find the lesion of 0.3 cm in size. ultrasound can easily find thyroid tumor, in this aspect, ultrasound has the advantage over CT. ultrasound can easily find the sand-like calcification of the thyroid mass, which is often not shown in the CT scan, and the sand-like calcification is a typical feature of thyroid cancer. Grainy calcification is a typical feature of thyroid cancer. Surgery is needed to treat this feature. Generally speaking, if the thyroid tumor is benign and does not exceed 2 cm, it can be observed clinically and ultrasonic examination can be done every six months. If the thyroid tumor is more than 2 cm, if there is pressure on the trachea causing breath-holding, pressure on the esophagus causing dysphagia, pressure on the nerves causing mute voice, and if there is calcification of the mass in ultrasonography and other signs of malignant transformation, treatment should be carried out as early as possible. Thyroid tumor mostly occurs in women, female patients should maintain emotional stability, release pressure, participate in social work more often to prevent endocrine system disorders. Early detection of disease, not delayed into a serious disease.