Thyroid tumors are common in women and are classified into benign and malignant tumors, with malignant tumors showing a rapid increase in recent years. Benign tumors include: thyroid adenoma, cyst, nodular goiter. Malignant tumors include: differentiated thyroid carcinoma (the majority, including papillary and follicular carcinoma), medullary carcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma. For benign tumors, if the swelling is not larger than 2.5cm, it can be observed. However, surgery can be performed on patients who are suspected of having serious cancer or have a history of radiation exposure. For malignant tumors, surgery should be performed regardless of the size of the mass. It should be pointed out that the size of the tumor is not a criterion to distinguish benign and malignant tumors. Thyroid examination is preferred: thyroid ultrasound. It is recommended that the thyroid gland be routinely examined during physical examinations, especially in women, middle-aged or older.