Many people’s understanding of thyroid disease is often ambiguous, and the general expression focuses on “big neck disease”, however, thyroid disease has actually become a common disease, and the incidence rate is more than we can imagine. In recent years, the incidence of thyroid disease has increased significantly, but also showed a trend of rejuvenation, especially thyroid nodules, if the normal population physical examination, 50% of them will be found to be suffering from this disease, so for the thyroid disease, we need to pay attention. Thyroid gland – the engine of the human body The thyroid gland is the largest endocrine organ in the human body, located in the lower part of the neck of a butterfly-shaped gland, including two lobes were located on both sides of the trachea, the middle of the thyroid tissue connected to the isthmus, known as the isthmus. Usually most people do not know where the thyroid gland is located, to be more specific, we usually say “knot”, they can touch, the thyroid gland is located in the “knot” below about 2-3 centimeters, in the swallowing of things can move up and down with it. The thyroid gland has been described as the “engine of the body,” controlling the body’s metabolic activity and affecting every part of the body. The role of thyroid hormone on the human body is mainly manifested in three aspects: one is to promote growth and development, especially in infancy, so congenital or early childhood lack of thyroid hormone, will cause cretinism; the second is to affect the body’s metabolism, and make the body to produce heat, and under normal circumstances to promote the synthesis of proteins, the growth of the early childhood development is of great significance. However, excessive secretion of thyroid hormone can make protein, especially the protein of skeletal muscle, decompose in large quantities, and thus patients with hyperthyroidism will suffer from lethargy and weakness; thirdly, it is of great significance to the activities of some organs and the maintenance of the excitability of the nervous system, and the thyroid hormone can act on the myocardium directly to increase the contraction force of the myocardium and accelerate the heart rate. More than 90% of thyroid tumors are benign Generally, people who suffer from thyroid nodules will not have any feeling themselves, and thyroid nodules are often found through physical examination, mainly ultrasonic examination. Only when the nodule is so large that it presses on the nearby tissues, corresponding manifestations will appear, such as difficulty in breathing, difficulty in swallowing and hoarseness. Some may also have localized swelling and pain due to intracapsular hemorrhage. Don’t panic when you find a nodule in the thyroid gland because, more than 90% of thyroid nodules are benign. Although the prevalence of thyroid nodules is high, the proportion of malignant is small and the degree of malignancy is low. The current medical community at home and abroad has reached a consensus on benign thyroid nodules by adopting no active intervention and regular observation. The focus is on the need to improve the diagnostic level of thyroid ultrasonography. For thyroid nodules, regular examination and observation follow-up is the most appropriate treatment method. Of course, in the large number of thyroid nodules examined, the appearance of thyroid cancer is inevitable. When people hear the word “cancer”, they will be scared, and even if it is thyroid cancer, they need to find out which kind of cancer it is before they know what the treatment effect will be. In fact, there are mainly papillary adenocarcinoma and follicular adenocarcinoma. Among them, papillary adenocarcinoma accounts for more than 70%. Compared with the more familiar lung cancer and liver cancer, thyroid cancer is much less harmful. Especially papillary thyroid cancer, which accounts for more than 70% of thyroid cancers, can be cured by early detection. As long as no lymphatic metastasis occurs, the survival rate of more than 10 years can reach 90% after treatment.