Arthroscopy has dramatically changed the way orthopaedic surgeons diagnose and treat a variety of joint disorders. Although arthroscopic manipulation has proven to be superior to previous open surgery, the indications for arthroscopy should not be expanded to compromise the outcome of the procedure. Important parameters of arthroscopic optical characteristics: diameter, tilt angle, and field of view. The diameter ranges from 1.7 to 7 mm, commonly 4 mm, and the tilt angle refers to the angle between the long axis of the arthroscope and the vertical line of the lens surface, ranging from 0° to 120°, with 25° and 30° being the most common, and 70° and 90° being used to view the corners of the joint. Field of view refers to the angle of view of the lens and varies with different types of arthroscopes. Modern arthroscopic techniques mostly use optical fiber light sources and TV camera systems, which greatly improve the imaging effect during arthroscopy. The probe is the basic instrument for palpating the intra-articular structures and designing the surgical approach, and is considered an “extension of the arthroscopist’s finger”, and is used mostly with the elbow of the probe rather than its tip or tip. Care should be taken to avoid “over-suctioning” when using the power planer. When suctioning or applying a powered instrument with suction, the continuous outlet should be closed to avoid over-suction and missuction. The electric knife is mostly used for hemostasis after synovectomy and subacromial decompression, and the radiofrequency system is mostly used for tissue resection, electrocoagulation and capsular wrinkling. The joint must be perfused and dilated during arthroscopic surgery operations. Lactated Ringer’s fluid is routinely applied, which is physiologically consistent and rarely causes changes in the synovial membrane and joint surface. A pressure of 2.9 kPa (22 mmHg) is generated for every 30 cm increase in the fluid bag above the joint level, and a pressure of 66-88 mmHg is usually generated with the fluid bag placed 90-120 cm above the joint level. The addition of 1 mg of epinephrine per liter of saline significantly improves clarity and reduces the need for tourniquets by 50%. Arthroscopic visualization of any joint necessitates distension of the joint cavity. Dilation pressures are typically 60-80 mmHg in the knee joint, and it is optimal to maintain a dilation pressure of approximately 4 kPa (30 mmHg) below systolic pressure in the shoulder joint. Healthy patients may use controlled decompression to about 13.3 kPa (100 Hg), and intra-articular distending pressures of 70-80 mmHg usually provide safe dilation and clear visualization. Due to the potential for extravasation, distending pressures at the elbow and ankle should be maintained at 40-60 mmHg.