Urinary stones are divided into upper urinary tract stones of kidney and ureter and lower urinary tract stones of bladder urethra. In China, the incidence of urinary stones has been increasing year by year with the improvement of the living standard of the population, the change of diet structure and living habits. Because of the high recurrence rate of urinary stones, patients should not only choose the best treatment plan, but also some master the prevention methods. 1, prevention methods Drink more water and be more active. Drinking more water can achieve the effect of flushing the urinary tract, so that stones are not easily deposited; more exercise can increase the power of stone removal, so it is conducive to the discharge of stones with the urine out of the body. 2, drug treatment urinary stones can be given with drug treatment: (1) progesterone, can make the ureter smooth muscle relaxation and expansion, and make the ureter smooth muscle appear rhythmic peristalsis to promote stone descent; (2) prednisone, dulcolax and other painkillers to relieve pain; (3) a large number of fluids to increase urine volume; (4) appropriate amount of antibiotics to prevent infection; (5) oral lithotripsy drugs. The success of drug de-stoning depends on the following factors: the size of the stone; kidney function and urine volume; the internal diameter and patency of the ureter. For larger stones, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy can be given to break up the stones in the body by extracorporeal shock wave, together with plenty of water, exercise and medication can achieve satisfactory results. 4.Ureteroscopic lithotripsy and stone extraction For patients with adhesion stones, multiple stones, poor kidney function, or stones with ureteral stenosis, the effect of extracorporeal lithotripsy is unsatisfactory, ureteroscopic lithotripsy and stone extraction can be chosen. Under anesthesia, stones are searched for through the ureteroscope and then crushed using pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy or holmium laser lithotripsy, and then removed by ureteroscopy. This method is less invasive and more effective, and the stones are less likely to recur. However, the operation is complicated and the technical requirements are high. 5.percutaneous nephrolithotomy for stone extraction Kidney stones that cannot be broken by extracorporeal lithotripsy or ureteroscopy can be removed by percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. A hole is made in the lumbar region, and the nephroscope is inserted into the kidney through this small hole, and then the stone is broken with pneumatic ballistic or holmium laser. This method also has the efficacy of small trauma and good effect. 6.Surgical stone extraction Patients who cannot obtain satisfactory results by the above methods can finally choose surgical stone extraction. In order to protect the best interests of patients, we should follow the principle of reducing pain and cost, and choose the best treatment method flexibly. In 1989, we were the first hospital in the city to routinely perform extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, and in 1998, we performed ureteroscopic endolithotripsy for the treatment of renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, and urethra stones, and were one of the first hospitals in the city to routinely perform ureteroscopy. In recent years, the department has also developed percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureteroscopic techniques, and the rate of minimally invasive treatment of urinary stones is about 99%, with an accumulation of more than 5,000 cases.