The second department of laboratory newly introduced the first imported Siemens BN-Prospec special protein analysis instrument in Laiwu area, the methodology of which is based on the scattering turbidimetric method (special medical insurance fee standard), which has a highly efficient, automatic, plasma protein analysis system with a wide linear range of detection and automatic dilution function for over-limited samples; more than 40 kinds of testing items, which can complete the fluid immune indicators, nutritional monitoring indicators, anemia It can test specific proteins such as specific proteins related to anemia, acute time-phase reactive proteins, urinary specific proteins, rheumatism and rheumatoid laboratory diagnostic indicators, and blood-brain barrier function.
Humoral immune function (serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid)
IgG (scattering turbidimetry)
(1) IgG elevation: commonly seen in various chronic infections, chronic liver disease, collagen vascular disease, lymphoma, and autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis; simple IgG elevation is mainly seen in immunoproliferative diseases, such as IgG-type secretory multiple myeloma.
(2) Decreased IgG: seen in various congenital and acquired humoral immunodeficiency diseases, combined immunodeficiency diseases, heavy chain disease, light chain disease, nephrotic syndrome, viral infections and patients taking immunosuppressive drugs. It is also seen in metabolic diseases, such as hyperthyroidism and myotonic dystrophy may also have reduced blood IgG concentrations.
IgA (scattering turbidimetry)
(1) Increased IgA: seen in IgA multiple myeloma, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, cirrhosis, eczema and kidney disease; in toxic liver injury, IgA concentration correlates with the degree of inflammation.
(2) Reduced IgA: seen in recurrent respiratory infections, non-IgA multiple myeloma, heavy chain disease, light chain disease, primary and secondary immunodeficiency diseases, autoimmune diseases and metabolic diseases (e.g., hyperthyroidism, myotonic dystrophy).
IgM (scattered turbidimetry)
(1) Increased IgM: seen in initial viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. Since IgM is the Ig in the initial immune response, an increase in IgM alone is often suggestive of a primary infection caused by a pathogen. Intrauterine infection may cause a dramatic increase in IgM concentration, and if IgM in cord blood is >0.2 g/L, it indicates an intrauterine infection. In addition, in primary macroglobulinemia, IgM is monoclonal and significantly increased.
C3 (scattering turbidimetry)
C3 is one of the most abundant and important components of the complement system. It is central to the two major activation pathways of complement and has an important biological function, so the study of C3 is becoming increasingly important.
Decrease: mainly seen in immune complex-induced nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, recurrent infections, rashes, hepatitis, cirrhosis, joint pain, etc.
Increased: seen in various infectious diseases and tissue damage and acute inflammation, liver cancer, etc.
C4 (scattered turbidimetry)
C4 is an important component of the classical activation pathway of complement, and its measurement can help in the diagnosis, treatment and etiology of autoimmune diseases such as SLE. Decreased: seen in nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, viral infections, lupus syndrome, cirrhosis, hepatitis, etc. caused by immune complexes.
Increased: seen in various infectious diseases, acute inflammation, tissue injury, multiple myeloma, etc.
Elevated C4 levels are common in the acute phase of rheumatic fever, periarteritis nodosa, dermatomyositis, myocardial infarction, Reiter syndrome and various types of polyarthritis, etc.; decreased is common in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, SLE, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, IgA nephropathy, subacute sclerosing holoprosencephalitis, etc. In SLE, the decrease in C4 often precedes the other complement components and is later to rebound in remission than the other components. Lupus nephritis has significantly lower C4 values than non-lupus nephritis.
Rheumatoid disease (serum)
RF (scattered turbidimetry)
Rheumatoid factor
ASO (scattered turbidimetry)
Anti-streptococcal O hemolysin
hsCRP(Scattered turbidimetry)
Ultrasensitive C-reactive protein
Cardiovascular disease or inflammation, rheumatism (serum)
hsCRP(Scattered turbidimetry)
A. Widely used in medical screening centers.
Used for risk assessment of cardiovascular disease and screening for the presence of acute and chronic inflammation or tissue necrosis in the body.
B The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) recommend that patients can be classified according to hs-CRP levels for cardiovascular disease risk: <1mg/L for relatively low risk, 1.0-3.0mg/L for moderate risk, and >3.0mg/L for high risk
The most optimal statin therapy is considered to be the simultaneous reduction of LDL-C and hsCRP to below 100 mg/dL and 2 mg/L, respectively.
This “dual target” treatment concept has been introduced into the clinical practice of cardiovascular disease
Allergic reactions (allergy) (serum)
IgE mono (scattering turbidimetry)
Elevated IgE is commonly seen in hypersensitivity disorders such as allergic rhinitis, exogenous asthma, cushings, chronic urticaria, as well as parasitic infections, acute and chronic hepatitis, drug-induced interstitial pneumonia, bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.
Kidney function-related protein (urine)
For early hypertension, diabetes mellitus, pulmonary heart disease-induced renal impairment, drug-induced early renal impairment from various causes, differentiation of glomerular, tubular, selective, non-selective, pre-renal, and post-renal proteinuria, and prognostic staging of renal disease.
Urine microalbumin Aibumin (scattered turbidimetry)
Early renal function testing for diabetes, hypertension and other diseases
Urine α1-MG (scattered turbidimetry)
Measurement of urinary α1 MG concentration helps to differentiate upper and lower urinary tract infections, nephrogenic from post-nephrogenic hematuria and proteinuria. In upper urinary tract infection, renal proteinuria and hematuria, urinary α1MG was significantly increased; conversely, in lower urinary tract infection, post-renal hematuria and proteinuria, there was no significant increase in urinary α1MG.
Urine IgGu (scattering turbidimetry)
Clinical significance: non-selective proteinuria, marker of impaired molecular sieve barrier function
Selective glomerulonephropathy: Alb ↑, IgG Æ
Non-selective glomerulonephropathy/Alb ↑ñ, IgG ↑ñ
IgG-U is mainly used as an indicator of deteriorating renal function and prognosis.
IgG-U as a prognostic indicator in primary membrane nephropathy
TRFU urinary transferrin (scattered turbidimetry)
Diabetes mellitus: urinary albumin excretion in diabetic patients has been recognized as an indicator of early kidney injury. Some recent studies have reported that increased urinary transferrin excretion can be a sensitive indicator of early kidney injury in diabetic patients, even if its alteration precedes urinary albumin.
Hypertension: A marker of cardiovascular injury in hypertensive patients, microtransferrin is a comprehensive indicator of cardiovascular risk in patients with idiopathic hypertension.
Pulmonary heart disease: chronic pulmonary heart disease (pulmonary heart disease), due to long-term hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention, often leads to respiratory failure, acid-base balance imbalance, right heart insufficiency, and can damage the kidneys and other organs. Therefore, monitoring its early renal function changes is especially important to prevent combined renal failure.