Lymphoma is a malignant tumor originating from lymphatic tissue, medically known as malignant lymphoma, and is one of the top ten common malignant tumors in China, the incidence of which has increased significantly in recent years. There is 1 new case every 9 minutes globally, with an incidence rate of 3.5 per 100,000 people. There are 45,000 new cases and more than 20,000 deaths in China every year. In the ranking of malignant tumor incidence, men occupy the 9th place and women the 10th place. The occurrence of lymphoma may be related to viral or bacterial infections (so-called biological factors), immunosuppression, environmental pollution and congenital immune defects (genetic factors), etc. For example, Burkitt’s lymphoma in African children is related to EBV infection; and more than 70% of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoma is related to chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, etc. In the case of various reasons for the body’s immune function to decline, it is easy to cause repeated infections in the body, and the constant stimulation of viruses or bacteria can in turn cause abnormalities in the proliferative response, dysfunction, regulatory deficiency and unlimited proliferation of lymphoid tissue, which eventually lead to the development of this disease. How malignant is lymphoma? It can be seen from the word “malignant” which is usually added in front of lymphoma in medical nomenclature that the biological form of lymphoma is malignant, but of course, the classification of malignant lymphoma can be divided into low malignancy, moderate malignancy and high malignancy. For example, small lymphocytic lymphoma is a low-grade malignant lymphoma and can have a long survival period even without treatment. Other highly malignant cases (e.g., Burkitt’s lymphoma) are very difficult to treat, have rapid disease progression, and have little chance of survival. The pathological diagnosis of lymphatic tissue biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis and prognosis. Can malignant lymphoma be prevented? The causes of lymphoma are many, including genetic factors, environmental factors, viral or bacterial infections, etc. However, the immunity of the organism is weak. However, the weakened immunity of the body is an important factor that cannot be ignored. With the increasing pace of life and workload in today’s society, it is easy for the immune function of the body to decline or be called a “subhealthy state”, and Li Yu in this article is a vivid example. Promoting a healthy lifestyle and avoiding excessive fatigue are extremely important for the prevention of lymphoma. Secondly, it is also important to control chronic infections, avoid long-term exposure to polluted environment, and reduce the negative stimulation of radiation. At the same time, we should pay attention to regular physical exercise, regular life and diet, no smoking and no alcohol consumption. How to detect malignant lymphoma at an early stage? Most of the early lymphomas can be detected through standardized physical examination, and the main clinical feature of most patients is enlarged lymph nodes in different parts of the body, which can be detected completely through physical examination and imaging examination by doctors. Therefore, when unexplained swelling appears in the body, it should be promptly seen in a specialized hospital. In addition, there are some differences in the clinical manifestations of patients due to the different sites and extent of lesions. Lymphoma occurring in sites other than lymph nodes is one that invades some organs outside the lymph nodes. For example, lymphoma occurring in the gastrointestinal tract is often characterized by the manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases, which can easily delay the diagnosis. Some patients may also present with systemic symptoms such as fever, emaciation, and night sweats. The main detection means of lymphoma are usually blood routine, lymph node biopsy, bone marrow examination, chromosome and gene examination, imaging examination B ultrasound, CT and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), etc. PET-CT is a comprehensive diagnostic measure combining tumor imaging and metabolism that has emerged in recent years, and its sensitivity and accuracy are much higher than those of conventional imaging examination, which helps to diagnose, stage and judge the prognosis. Lymph node biopsy is the ultimate standard for lymphoma diagnosis. Can malignant lymphoma be cured? After nearly half a century of clinical practice and basic research, especially the rapid development of molecular biology and immunology in recent years, many research results for lymphoma have emerged and been applied to clinical treatment. At present, the cure rate of lymphoma with low to moderate malignancy has been greatly improved. The main treatments for malignant lymphoma include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and molecular targeted therapy. Due to the rational application of radiation therapy and the active promotion of combined chemotherapy, the active development of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and the clinical application of molecularly targeted drugs such as monoclonal antibody Merova and protease inhibitor Vanco, the therapeutic efficacy of lymphoma has been significantly improved. What is the prognosis of malignant lymphoma? Through standardized and reasonable comprehensive treatment, the prognosis and survival of patients can be significantly improved and prolonged. Overall, the efficacy of lymphoma is relatively good, and more than half of the patients can be cured. Of course, the standardization and rationality of the first treatment is very important, and patients should go to a hospital with professional qualification for treatment once they are diagnosed to avoid leaving undeserved regrets.