1.Cytological examination The liquid-based cytology (TCT/LCT) method, which is more accurate than the traditional Pap smear, is mainly used. The specimen is removed and immediately washed into a container with special cell preservation solution, and after filming, the cells are evaluated by cytologists. 2.HPVDNA assay Hybridization capture assay (HC2) is a new technique for detecting HPVDNA, which has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for marketing. It can detect 13 high-risk HPV types (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59 and 68) simultaneously. The method is now recognized worldwide and is widely used for screening and follow-up of cervical cancer. There are no special requirements for the test and sampling is similar to the cytology method, only cervical exfoliated cells are collected through a special sampler and then analyzed in the laboratory to obtain the results. Colposcopy Colposcopy can directly observe the lesions of cervical, vaginal and vulvar epithelium with stereo magnification or electronic monitor under strong light source, and is an important auxiliary method for early diagnosis of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions (CIN). Colposcopy is often recommended when there is clinical suspicion or an abnormal cytologic examination. Colposcopy in combination with HPV testing or cytology can reduce the incidence of false negatives and significantly improve the early diagnosis of CIN and cervical cancer. The greatest advantage of colposcopy is the ability to detect subclinical lesions that are invisible to the naked eye and to locate biopsies at suspicious lesions, thereby increasing diagnostic accuracy.