Formation and treatment of damp-heat pathogenesis in chronic renal failure in the middle jiao

  Damp-heat, originally refers to the disease evil, now refers to the type of disease evidence with the characteristics of damp-heat, to internal injuries in miscellaneous diseases are more common. The definition of water and dampness or from the outside, or from internal injuries, and even water and dampness accumulation does not change, and over time into heat, heat and dampness together, then become the evidence of damp-heat. The clinical manifestations of damp-heat evidence should be distinguished from both wet and hot, as well as the differences between the upper, middle and lower jiao areas, each with its own characteristics, such as damp-heat in the upper jiao, common chronic kidney disease with colds, acute and chronic pharyngitis, tonsillitis and skin boils and boils, the symptoms of fever and sore throat, cough, sputum, yellow and thick sputum, etc.; damp-heat in the middle jiao, including damp-heat in the spleen and stomach, the symptoms of reduced appetite, dry mouth and lack of desire to drink, dry stools or loose and filthy stools. In the case of Damp-Heat in the middle Jiao, including Damp-Heat in the Spleen and Stomach, we can see decreased appetite, dry mouth without desire to drink, dry stools or loose and foul-smelling stools for several days, nausea and vomiting, and abdominal distension; in the case of Damp-Heat in the Liver and Gallbladder, we can see bitterness in the mouth and pain in the throat, irritability and irritability, yellow urine and smooth pulse. Damp-heat of the lower jiao is seen in damp-heat of the bladder with frequent urination, urgent urination, painful urination, and fullness of the abdomen; damp-heat of the large intestine is seen in red and white stools, pus and blood from dysentery, and shortness of breath. But from the formation of kidney disease, caused by simple external sensation is rare, if seen in acute cases easy to cure, such as upper respiratory tract infection. Most patients with chronic kidney disease have signs of damp-heat in the middle jiao, mainly manifesting as dullness, bloating, bitterness or sweetness of the mouth, bad breath, nausea, vomiting, yellow urine, foamy urine, blood urine, or turbidity, loose stools or stagnation, yellow tongue coating, moist pulse or slippery pulse, and a series of other symptoms.  The causes of damp-heat formation in kidney disease are complex, both due to external damp-heat, and internal damp-heat, as well as internal and external combination of evil and drugs and diet, can produce damp-heat evidence. According to generations of medical treatises, combined with modern clinical data summary analysis, damp heat probably has the following factors: (l) the body is deficient, innate endowment deficiency, or weakness after illness, and then feel the evil of wind and heat, external evil and internal dampness together, and become damp heat. (2) worry and tiredness of the spleen and stomach, hunger and spleen, spleen deficiency, water and dampness, depression and heat, resulting in damp heat. (3) living in a hot and humid place, or brave rain and water, water and dampness invasion, or the plain diet is not disciplined, addicted to fat and sweet, spleen loss of health, damp-heat internal growth. “The right qi memory, the evil can not dry”, chronic kidney disease caused by damp heat is always based on the internal organs deficiency, including the spleen and stomach weakness as the main characteristics of the pathogenesis. One from the lungs and the spleen and stomach, one from the meridians into the viscera. Lung deficiency can not transform the qi, spleen deficiency can not disperse the essence, or the form of cold drinking cold, or wine guest in the deficiency, injury to the spleen yang, in the middle is not transported full; spread down the drainage abdominal pain. Injury to the stomach, then vomiting and rebellion, abdominal distension and chest pain; two injuries to the spleen and stomach, both spleen evidence, and stomach evidence. Injury to stomach yin is seen as thirst without drinking, and injury to spleen yin is seen as the tongue coating is first gray and smooth, then yellow and dry, and the stool is firm and knotted. In other words, the spleen is deficient in the middle earth, the transport and transformation is not in order, water and dampness stop inside, the function of ascending the clear and descending the turbid is not in order, the dampness and turbidity is contained inside, and it turns into turbid poison over time, and the dampness and turbid poison is contained inside, which leads to blood stasis and obstruction for a long time. Therefore, kidney disease often shows symptoms of spleen and stomach disorder: poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stool, chronic renal failure with spleen and stomach dysfunction can be more than 90%, and the severity of digestive system symptoms correlates with the degree of renal failure and changes in urea nitrogen and acidosis. The manifestation of damp-heat is that the evil of damp-heat stays in the three jiao, but damp-heat in the middle jiao is the most common. Damp-heat in the middle jiao arises due to the imbalance of water metabolism, water-dampness is generated internally, which turns into heat over time, and the combination of heat and dampness stays in the middle jiao. “Taiyin internal injury, damp drink stagnation, guest evil again, internal and external attraction, so the disease damp-heat”, this sentence is the most incisive summary of the etiology of the formation of damp-heat disease pathogenesis, also applies to the process of development of damp-heat evidence in the middle Jiao of kidney disease. The stagnation of damp-heat in the middle jiao affects the transport and decomposition functions of the spleen and stomach, gradually producing symptoms mainly manifested by dysfunction of the spleen and stomach. As the damp-heat evil affects the ascending and descending functions of the spleen and stomach, the spleen does not ascend, the water and grain essence cannot be transported, the stomach does not descend, and the dampness and turbidity can be reversed, so the clinical manifestations are nausea, vomiting, and poor appetite.  Since the mid-1970s, clinical doctors have gradually recognized the basic features of the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease, and began to classify damp-heat as the main type of evidence from a kind of concurrent evidence of glomerulonephritis, and from 1983 to the 2006 edition of the six chronic kidney failure identification and classification and efficacy assessment programs, all of which include damp-heat as a major concurrent evidence, recognizing that damp-heat is often the most serious interference in the treatment of chronic nephritis. In the past few years, we have seen a number of chronic kidney failure cases in which dampness and heat are the most common types of kidney disease. This is also confirmed by the clinical syndrome survey of chronic kidney failure that I have done.  Damp-heat accumulation in the middle jiao, as an important clinical manifestation of chronic kidney disease and pathogenic factors, throughout the disease, characterized by dampness in the heat, heat in the damp, damp-heat intertwined, difficult to resolve and difficult to separate, damp heat is deeper, heat due to dampness and more incandescent, every chronic kidney disease is not easy to heal quickly, the course of treatment is prolonged, the effect is difficult to consolidate. Damp-heat evil consumes qi and injures yin and brings difficulties to the treatment, nourishing yin improperly help the damp, supplementing the qi too warm to help heat for abuse, clearing heat is bitter cold damp, wet easy to hurt qi yin help fire. After the deficiency of qi, the couples are not dense, susceptible to external sensations, external evil every from heat, resulting in repeated production and deterioration of damp-heat evidence. It is also used for clearing heat and detoxifying the blood, such as snake tongue grass, dandelion, snow grass, June snow, snake berry, longan, half lotus, half lotus, vine pear root, etc. In the clinical treatment of patients, often according to the characteristics of the signs and symptoms, choose different kinds of dampness dispelling drugs to improve the efficacy, but one of the most important is the application of strengthening the spleen and transforming dampness, only the spleen and stomach of the middle jiao as normal, the Division of water and dampness transport and transformation of the function, the water and dampness can be removed and the three jiao smooth, turbid toxicity elimination and qi to reach, chronic renal failure will have the hope of relief.  The series of clinical applications of the formula for strengthening the spleen and clearing heat, the formula for kidney disease No. 2, the series of granules for kidney failure, and the series of evolutions of warm spleen soup created by our department, through a series of clinical and experimental studies, have shown that clearing damp-heat in the middle jiao can significantly improve the clinical manifestations of damp-heat evidence of chronic kidney failure, reduce the blood creatinine level, and have better clinical efficacy in delaying the progression of kidney failure.  In conclusion, the treatment of chronic renal failure by regulating the elevation and declination of the spleen and stomach qi, together with clearing damp-heat and paying attention to the lowering of rebelliousness and draining turbidity, occupies a rather important position in the treatment of chronic renal failure, which can promote the recovery of the body’s own functions and delay the progression of chronic renal failure.