The two common causes of urinary tract stone disease in babies are urinary tract malformations and metabolic disorders. Urethral malformations include congenital stenosis of the ureteropelvic junction, urethral valves, and ureteral reflux. Metabolic disorders include not only congenital disorders of amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism, but also acquired nutritional imbalance, drug poisoning, infection, etc., such as the current problematic milk powder incident. If a baby suffers from kidney stones due to drinking problematic milk powder, it is because the melamine added to the problematic milk powder causes disorders of nucleic acid metabolism, which triggers urinary uric acid stones (stone composition analysis is uric acid dihydrate, ammonium urate). This kind of stone is looser and better to be discharged. Considering the characteristics of the baby, the doctor will treat him with internal conservative therapy, mainly by adjusting the food and alkalizing the urine. Drinking water and exercising will help the fine stones to be expelled safely and without complications or sequelae. Alternatively, oral sodium potassium hydrogen citrate can be taken to alkalize the urine and dissolve the stones. Most uric acid stones can be cured with conservative treatment, but only a few that are large or have poor lithotripsy due to urinary tract obstruction or other components require surgical treatment. There are open surgery and minimally invasive surgery, and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is not recommended. Minimally invasive surgery is the best method. Our hospital has used minimally invasive percutaneous kidney lithotripsy for 1-year-old children, which is the youngest one reported in China. If the baby does not get kidney stones from eating problematic formula, but from other causes, such as urinary tract malformation combined with urinary stones, surgical treatment is needed. This surgery can also be minimally invasive, and we have performed laparoscopic surgery on a 3-year-old child with pelvic ureteral junction stenosis. If the baby has no hematuria, no obstructive symptoms, and no urinary tract infection, he does not need to be hospitalized, but he should be careful to come back to the hospital for a review in half a month. In addition you can learn more about the general knowledge of the treatment and care of kidney stones in babies to prevent recurrence.