Thoracic spine tuberculosis patients can usually be cured if appropriate treatment measures can be taken and the course of treatment is sufficient. Thoracic spine tuberculosis mainly manifests as chest and back pain, which is the lesion of middle and upper thoracic vertebrae; lower thoracic vertebrae lesion will cause lumbosacral pain, and there will also be symptoms of tuberculosis toxicity, such as low fever, lethargy, and fatigue. The treatment of thoracic spine tuberculosis includes anti-tuberculosis medication and surgery. Some patients can be treated with medication alone, while others need surgery on the basis of medication. Drug treatment should be combined with the severity and scope of the lesions, and the appropriate anti-tuberculosis drugs should be applied according to the doctor’s instructions, following the principles of early, combined, appropriate amount, regularity, and the whole course of treatment, and the course of treatment should not be less than 1 year, and can be extended to 1.5-2 years if necessary. The course of drug therapy is generally shorter for patients who are treated with drugs combined with surgery. If the infected Mycobacterium tuberculosis is multi-drug resistant, the course of treatment is usually prolonged. The indications for surgery for thoracic spine tuberculosis are mainly thoracic spine tuberculosis with severe neurologic impairment, thoracic spine tuberculosis with neurologic impairment that progressively worsens despite appropriate treatment, spinal kyphosis greater than 40°, and thoracic spine tuberculosis with a cold abscess in the chest wall. Patients who suspect thoracic spine tuberculosis need to go to a tuberculosis hospital or a tuberculosis department, where a specialized doctor will conduct the appropriate examination and assess whether the condition requires joint surgical treatment. After determining the treatment plan, the patient needs to closely cooperate with the doctor, strictly follow the doctor’s instructions for medication, and monitor the adverse reactions. Most patients can be cured if the treatment measures are appropriate and the course of treatment is sufficient.