Chest wall tuberculosis abscess is first treated with systemic anti-tuberculosis drugs and then surgically when the condition is under control. Chest wall tuberculosis is a local manifestation of tuberculosis, so the treatment first needs to be anti-tuberculosis treatment. After systemic treatment, for chest wall tuberculosis and abscess, puncture and drainage of pus and injection of anti-tuberculosis drugs can be used. Through medication, the symptoms can be controlled, and surgery can be performed after the condition is stabilized, but surgery cannot be performed when there is active tuberculosis. The principle of surgery for chest wall tuberculosis abscess is to incise all the sinus tracts and remove the diseased tissues, and scrape out the necrotic tissues thoroughly. This is followed by repeated irrigation and filling with a tipped muscle flap. Sometimes the lesion may lead to the pleural cavity, so preoperative preparations should be made for open heart surgery. After surgery, the chest wall is bandaged with pressure, and drains are left in place if necessary. Please seek medical attention if you feel unwell.