Abnormal fat metabolism or operation makes plasma lipids higher than normal, usually called hyperlipidemia, but lipids are insoluble or slightly soluble in water and must be combined with proteins to form lipoproteins to operate in the blood circulation, so hyperlipidemia is often a reflection of hyperlipoproteinemia, clinically it can be manifested as hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia or mixed presence, primary cases are hereditary disorders of lipid metabolism, secondary cases are mostly seen in diabetes, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, renal dialysis, renal transplantation, biliary obstruction, oral contraception, alcoholism, etc. In primary cases, it is a genetic disorder of lipid metabolism, and in secondary cases, it is often seen in diabetes, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, renal dialysis, renal transplantation, biliary obstruction, oral contraceptives, alcoholism, etc. (a) Clinical information: physical examination and medical history to understand the diseases that may cause secondary hyperlipidemia, dietary habits, drug application history and family history of genetic diseases. Physical examination may reveal characteristic macular tumors, rash xanthomas, nodular xanthomas, and juvenile corneal rings. (ii) Laboratory examination: The diagnostic criteria have not been unified internationally, and most of the internationally recommended criteria are as follows: plasma total cholesterol <5.2 mmol/L is the ideal level, 5.2-6.2 mmol/L is the critical level, ≥6.2 mmol/L is too high; plasma triglycerides <1.7 mmol/L is the ideal level, 1.7-2.3 mmol/L is the critical level, ≥2.3 mmol/L is too high; LDL-C ideal standard <3.38 mmol/L, 3.38-4.13 mmol/L is critical, ≥4.16 mmol/L is too high; HDL-C <0.91 mmol/L is abnormal. (C) Complications, increased total cholesterol, triglycerides LDL, VDL, and decreased HDL are closely related to the prevalence and death rate of coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease. (i) Diet therapy: Diet therapy is the basic therapeutic measure, low-fat and balanced diet. (ii) Drug therapy: hypertriglyceridemia can use phenoxyaromatic acids such as benzafibrate, gemfibezil, clofibrate, etc.; hypercholesterolemia can use B hydroxy B methyl pent= acyl coenzyme ACHMG-COA reductase inhibitors, such as simvastatin, pravastatin, etc.; mixed type can use niacin. Nursing rehabilitation requirements】 Control the total calories, limit the intake of saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, avoid or eat less animal offal, egg yolk, fish roe and other foods, and strengthen exercise. Prevention points】 Medical health education, scientific diet, regular exercise, prevention of obesity, abstinence from alcohol, treatment of diabetes, hypothyroidism, kidney disease and other diseases.