1, mental stress major negative life events may be a direct cause or trigger of suicide. Studies have found that the frequency of life events in suicidal individuals is significantly higher than normal in the 3 months prior to suicidal action. Most of these life events are characterized by “loss” and often cause significant emotional reactions, such as interpersonal conflict, rejection, job or financial problems, changes in social status, damage to reputation, and multiple life events. These stressful events can often play a triggering role when individuals are in a period of chronic distress. 2. Psychological characteristics Studies of suicide attempters have found that they often have certain common psychological characteristics. ① Cognitive style: Suicides generally have poor cognitive patterns, such as not here and there, generalization, easy to go to extremes, etc., in the face of frustration and difficulties can not make an objective evaluation of themselves and their surroundings; easy to look at the problem from a fatalistic point of view, believe that the pain caused by the problem is intolerable, insurmountable and inevitable; to people, to things, to themselves, to society are inclined to see the problem from the dark side. Low self-esteem or excessive self-esteem, prejudice and hostility; lack of insight, analysis, and ability to deal with problems; ② emotions: suicidal people usually have a variety of chronic pain, anxiety, depression, anger, boredom, and guilt emotional characteristics, they are difficult to accept this negative emotional experience, lack of spiritual support. Most suicidal individuals exhibit emotional instability and immature neurotic tendencies; ③ volitional behavior: characterized by impulsivity and blindness, recklessness, etc., often lacking lasting and extensive interpersonal interactions, avoidance of social interaction, difficulty in obtaining more social support resources, poor adaptability, difficulty in adapting to new environments, and can be somewhat aggressive. What are the social risk factors for suicide? 1, gender: In general, the sex ratio of men to women in suicide deaths is about 3:1, while the sex ratio of men to women in suicide attempts is about 1:3, while the suicide rate of both sexes in China is 1:1.1. 2, age: In general, the suicide rate increases with age, and rises more significantly after entering old age, and suicide deaths among children under 14 are rare. The peak age of death by suicide is generally around 45 years for men and 55 years for women. Although the proportion of suicide among the causes of death in older adults decreases due to the increase in physical illness, the suicide rate is still higher than in young adults. The high incidence age of suicide attempts is significantly lower than that of suicide deaths, and it is estimated that 31% to 69% of suicide attempts occur at an age below 30 years. 3, marriage and family: the suicide rate among single, divorced, widowed people is higher than among those with stable marital status, and the suicide rate is higher in chaotic or conflictual family relationships and lower in families with harmonious relationships and a cordial atmosphere. Among married people, the suicide rate of those without children is higher than that of those with children. 4. Occupation and social class: The suicide rate is high on both sides of the social class, in a “U” shape, with higher rates among the unemployed, those with no fixed occupation, unskilled workers and high social class. According to WHO literature, the suicide rate of doctors and agricultural workers is higher; while according to the United States, blue-collar workers have the lowest suicide rate, while doctors, lawyers, writers, musicians, managers and administrators in specialized professions have a higher suicide rate. 5, geography and beliefs: the world’s suicide rate has a certain geographical, Scandinavian Peninsula in Europe and the former Soviet Union republics have a higher suicide rate, while the Mediterranean region is lower. Between urban and rural areas, in general, urban than rural, but in China’s rural suicide rate is higher than urban. Religious attitudes toward the perception of death and the degree of integration of congregants with society affect the attitudes of congregants toward suicide.