Damage to the brainstem can manifest as different symptoms depending on the location of the brainstem damage. The brainstem mainly includes 3 parts: the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. The cranial nerves in the midbrain herniation include the third and fourth pairs of cranial nerves, i.e., the motoneurotic nerve and the talocrural nerve; the nerves in the cerebral bridge include the trigeminal nerve, as well as the abducens nerve, the facial nerve, and the vestibular position of the auditory nerve; the medulla oblongata mainly includes the linguopharyngeal, vagus, sublingual, and collateral nerves. If there is an injury, the corresponding symptoms will appear.1. Midbrain injury: It will cause severe tetraplegia, and at the same time manifest as eye movement disorder, called atresia syndrome. Patients can only express themselves by opening and closing their eyes; 2, cerebral bridge injury: if it is a cerebral bridge injury, patients will have peripheral facial palsy or symptoms of sensory damage to the trigeminal nerve, as well as dysfunction of the abducent nerve, and dizziness, hearing loss and other symptoms; 3, medulla oblongata: there will be corresponding difficulties in swallowing, choking on water, turning the head, etc., accompanied by symptoms of tetraplegia and sensory The symptoms of abnormalities are related to the damaged area. The medulla oblongata has a vital center, which can cause respiratory, heartbeat and blood pressure fluctuations, and in severe cases, even respiratory and cardiac arrest, requiring ventilator-assisted breathing. Brainstem injury can have serious consequences and a very high mortality rate. If a patient has a brainstem injury, he or she needs to seek immediate medical attention and be treated medically or surgically, depending on the circumstances, to save his or her life. In addition, patients need to undergo rehabilitation to alleviate and prevent possible sequelae.