1 stone (pronounced shi, later pronounced dan) = four jun = 29760 g 1 stone = 120 jin = 70,800 g 1 jin = 30 jin = 7440 g 1 jin = 16 taels 1 jin = 248 g 10 money = 36.9 g 1 money = 10 cents = 3.69 g 1 jin = 250 ml of liquid 1 cent = 0.37 g 1 tael = 15.625 g 1 tael = 24 baht 1 liter = 200 ml of liquid 1 Hop (sound ge) = 20 ml 1 kyu = 0.5 g 1 flute (yue) = 10 ml 1 handful = 2 g 1 square inch dagger = 2.74 g of gold and stone 1 square inch dagger = about 2 g of medicine end 1 square inch dagger = about 1 g of herb and wood medicine end Half square inch dagger = one knife kyu = one money dagger = 1.5 g One money dagger = 1.5-1.8 g One baht = 0.65 g One baht = weight of 100 pieces of millet One cent = 3.9-4.2 g One liter = 50 grams of scapularia = 60 grams of scapularia One liter = 50 grams of dogwood One liter = 50 grams of schisandra = 130 grams of gadfly One liter = 16 grams of epiphyllum One large = 20-30 grams of epiphyllum One medium = 15 grams of aconite One small = 3 grams of aconite One large = 5-6 grams of strong aconite 40 large = 15 grams of almonds 10 average 15 grams of gardenia Guahua size Average 1 piece = 46 grams Citrus aurantium 1 piece about 14.4 grams Gypsum egg size 1 piece about 40 grams Houpa 1 foot about 30 grams Bamboo leaf a grip about 12 grams Lily a piece. 30 grams In 1981, the archaeological discovery of the Han dynasty measuring instrument “Quan”, which was used to calculate the dosage of ancient prescriptions, solved a major historical doubt about the dosage of ancient prescriptions, which is of great significance to the teaching, scientific research, research and clinical application of Zhongjing doctrine. According to the information summarized by Professor Ke Xuefan and verified by repeated measurement, the summary is as follows: 斤 = 250 grams (or 250 ml of liquid, the same below) 两 = 15.625 grams 升 = 200 ml of liquid 合 = 20 ml 圭 = 0.5 grams 龠 = 10 ml 撮 = 2 grams 方寸匕 = 2.74 grams 新石类藥末约2 grams 草木类藥末约1 gram 半方寸匕 = 一刀圭 = 一钱匕 = 1.5 grams 1.5 grams 1 yuan dagger = 1.5 to 1.8 grams 1 baht = 0.7 grams 1 cent = 3.9 to 4.2 grams Sycamore seed large = soybean large 1 liter of Shujiao = 50 grams of Scape Li Zi 1 liter = 60 grams of Wu Zhu Zhu Zi 1 liter = 50 grams of Wu Wei Zi 1 liter = 50 grams of Han Xia 1 liter = 130 grams of Gadfly 1 liter = 16 grams of Radix Aconiti large = 20 to 30 grams of medium one 15 grams of strong aconite one small one 3 grams, large one 5 to 6 grams of almonds large one 10 pieces = 4 grams Gardenia 10 pieces average 15 grams Psidium guajava size average one piece 46 grams Citrus aurantium one piece about 14.4 grams Gypsum egg large one piece about 40 grams Thicket 1 foot about 30 grams Bamboo leaf one grip about 12 grams 1 dou = 10 dou = 20,000 ml 1 stone = 2 dou = 100,000 ml 1 dou = 10 liters = 2,000 ml 1 dou = 5 dou = 50,000 ml 1 liter = 10 he = 200 ml 1 bucket = 10 liters = 10,000 milliliters 1 he = 2 flutes = 20 milliliters 1 liter = 10 he = 1,000 milliliters 1 flute = 5 handfuls = 10 milliliters 1 he = 100 milliliters 1 handful = 4 kyu = 2 milliliters 1 kyu = 0.5 milliliters 1 lead = 10 fathoms = 2310 centimeters 1 fathom = 10 feet = 355 centimeters 1 fathom = 10 feet = 231 centimeters 1 foot = 10 inches = 35.5 centimeters 1 foot = 10 inches = 23.1 cm 1 inch = 10 minutes = 3.55 cm 1 inch = 10 minutes = 2.31 cm 1 minute = 0.231 cm I. Weights and Measures in the Han Dynasty Ban Gu “Hanshu? The right, baht, two, catty, jun, stone, so weighing things flat, know the light and heavy also? Thousands of 200 millet weighs 12 plants, 24 baht for two, 16 two for catty, 30 catty for jun, four jun for stone. The actual measurement of cultural relics: Han Guanghe Da Sinong copper right, cast in the second year of the leap February 23 (179 AD) is 12 catties right, the actual measurement of 2996 grams, 1 catty for 249.7 grams, approximately equal to 250 grams, is the authoritative standard for the projection of the Han system. Han 1 catty = 250g; 1 tael = 15.625g; 1 baht = 0.65g Second, the capacity of the Han Dynasty The Book of Han? The book of the Han dynasty (Hanshu?) is the most important one. To the sub-grain cabinet millet in a thousand have 200 actual its bellows? Combined with the bellows for the combined, ten combined for the liters, ten liters for the buckets, ten buckets for the draughts. The actual measurement of artifacts: 1 he = 20ml; 1 liter = 200ml; 1 bucket = 2000ml; 1 dou = 20,000ml in Han Dynasty 3. The book of Han Dynasty (Hanshu?): “The measure is a measure of the length of a person. (A millet for points) ten minutes for inches, ten inches for feet, ten feet for zhang, ten zhang for the guide. The actual measurement of cultural relics: Han 1 inch = 2.3cm; Han 1 foot = 23cm Han 1 zhang = 230cm Fourth, the changes in China’s metric system After the Han Dynasty, two thousand years, the above metric system has undergone great changes, especially after the Jin Dynasty to the Tang to Song, its changes are particularly significant. The weight of each pound increased from 250 grams to about 600 grams, the capacity of each liter increased from 200 milliliters to more than 1000 milliliters, and the scale increased from 23 centimeters to more than 33 centimeters per foot. After the Song Dynasty, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty is basically stable. V. Historical changes in the measurement of Chinese medicine Before the Tang Dynasty, the measurement of Chinese medicine (including the Tang Dynasty) retained the Han system. Only from the Jin Dynasty, a point was added between the Han system of baht and two, i.e. 6 baht was one point and 4 points was one tael. The Book of Jin? The legal calendar: “medical prescriptions, the life of the urgent, and the scale is not the same as in ancient times, for the harm is particularly heavy.” Tang Huiyao: Tang scales have “two systems of size”, “public and private all use the large”, “internal and external officials, all use the large”, small scales are the same as the Han scales, only limited to The small scales were the same as the Chinese scales, and were limited to “combining soup and medicine” and “adjusting the bell rhythm”. Measurements, volumes also have two systems of size. Sixth, the conversion of the amount of prescriptions by weight measurement, converted to modern measurement (1 tael = 15 grams), the capacity and scale measurement, converted to modern capacity and scale before weighing. For example, 1 liter of japonica rice is weighed today at about 180 grams in 200 milliliters; half a liter of half-half a hectare = 50-60 grams; half a liter of schisandra = 30 grams; and 1 foot of houpo (medium thick, 3.5 cm wide and 23 cm long) = 15 grams. For drugs measured by quantity, the original quantity can be used directly (such as jujube and umeboshi), and those who need to be weighed can be re-weighed according to the original number. For example, 100 almonds = 40 grams, 100 peach kernels = 30 grams, 1 hedgehog = 18 grams, 1 saposhnikov = 10-25 grams, large saposhnikov = 30 grams, and 1 wild aconite = 5 grams. VII. Practical application of the amount of medicine in the prescription Ephedra 3 taels = 45 grams; cinnamon stick 2 taels = 30 grams; licorice 1 tael = 15 grams; almonds 70 pieces = 28 grams. Boil two and a half liters of water, remove the dregs and take eight coats of warm water, cover with a slight sweat, no need to sip porridge. The rest is as the method of cinnamon branch will rest. The amount of treatment at one time is actually one-third of the entire prescription, also known as one serving. One serving can achieve the purpose of sweating out the disease. Today, we should use the one-time treatment amount of the sutra prescription. The common amount of locally used drugs as a benchmark, the sutra prescription of each drug measurement ratio for reference, is a convenient method. Eight, sutra medicine quantity change law according to the person: ten jujube soup “strong people take a dagger of money, weak people take half a penny”, three things white powder, four reverse soup have strong people, weak people dosage is different. According to the disease: the same evidence of disease, the strength of the disease also varies, which requires the use of the amount of medicine to achieve the same evidence of medicine. For example, Xiao Cheng Qi Tang and Tong Gao Cheng Qi Tang are taken. After the reaction to increase or decrease the amount of medicine: ten dates soup, strong people serve a dagger of money, weak people serve half a dagger, if the disease does not get rid of the next few, the next day to serve more plus half a dagger. Rizhong Pill, take three or four pills daily, two pills at night, before the abdomen is hot, benefit to three or four pills.