Surveys show that eye trauma has become the leading cause of blindness in children. During the Spring Festival and winter holidays, if your child accidentally gets an eye injury, the consequences may be good if you handle it correctly; if you handle it wrongly, the damage may be aggravated. The following to mom and dad to sort out the handling of various eye trauma, I hope you can avoid mistakes. 1, soft tissue contusions around the eye Most blunt blows around the eye, soft tissue swelling without rupture, subcutaneous bruising, bruising, called contusions. Correct treatment: immediately use an ice pack or cool hand towel local cold compress, 24 hours later can be changed to hot compress, to promote the absorption of local bruising. Wrong treatment: immediately after the injury by rubbing the injury, or with hot compresses, will aggravate the subcutaneous hematoma. 2, periocular soft tissue laceration Where only the external skin of the eye rupture and no damage to the eye, is called periocular soft tissue laceration. Correct treatment: attention must be paid to keep the wound clean, only with clean dressings can be used, and as soon as possible to the hospital ophthalmology for debridement and suturing. Wrong treatment: ①Wipe the wound with dirty hands or unclean cloths. ② Casual use of hemostatic drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, and even some people use incense ash, pot ashes on the wound to stop bleeding, will only aggravate the infection, and even lead to tetanus. Because of the proximity to the center, the onset of rapid, serious impact. 3, corneal foreign body refers to dust, sand, small insects, metal fragments and wood chips into the eye cornea, the performance of obvious foreign body feeling, stinging, photophobia, lacrimation and other typical symptoms. Proper treatment: Advise the child not to panic and not to rub the eyes with hands. Close the eyes quietly first, and transient eyes several times when there are more tears or after dropping eye drops, the foreign body may be flushed out of the eye with tears or eye drops. If the symptoms do not disappear, send the foreign body to the hospital ophthalmology department urgently to remove the foreign body. Wrong treatment: ① children because of pain and rubbing the eyes with their hands, trying to rub the foreign body out, but aggravate the corneal injury; ② some people blow with the mouth injury eye, not only blowing foreign body, but will aggravate the infection; ③ some people use unclean paper corner, handkerchief, etc. to wipe, trying to wipe the foreign body on the cornea, which are very dangerous, may cause corneal injury aggravated, deepening infection, and even develop into purulent corneal ulcer. 4, eye contusions eye by blunt force injury to the eyelid, conjunctiva, sclera, cornea and lens, as well as the retina, optic nerve, etc., or fracture of the orbital bone. Correct treatment: Use chloramphenicol eye drops to prevent infection, and then gently cover the eye with clean gauze or handkerchief and go to the hospital quickly for treatment. Wrong treatment: Some blunt contusions of the eye do not appear to be abnormal, which can easily delay the diagnosis and treatment, and affect the visual acuity and pathological changes of the visual field in the future, and even cause traumatic glaucoma and macular hemorrhage. Therefore, parents should still pay attention to blunt contusion of the eye, timely medical consultation and treatment is necessary. 5, eye rupture injury Most of the sharp objects pierced or cut through the eye, resulting in eye rupture, the injured person feels a “hot tears” gushing out, followed by blurred vision and accompanied by pain. Correct treatment: let the child lie down immediately, strictly forbidden to rinse the injured eye with water or apply any drugs, just cover the injured eye with a clean dressing, gently wrapped with a bandage, pressure is strictly prohibited. All eye trauma should be wrapped around both eyes to avoid friction caused by the injured eye being turned by the activity of the healthy eye, which will aggravate the injury. Then take to hospital quickly. Wrong treatment: ① rinse on the spot, resulting in the flow of intraocular fluid or increased contamination, resulting in serious infection; ② bandage pressure is too large, for example, some people outside the injured eye pad a large cotton ball pressure bandage, when the patient to the hospital has a lot of intraocular tissue from the wound outside the eye, aggravating the damage to the eye. 6, penetrating eye injury Children running and falling with bamboo chopsticks or pencils in their hands, and the chopsticks or pencils are stuck in the eye, causing penetrating eye injury. Correct treatment; simply let the child lie down, cover the injured eye with a clean dressing and then carry it to the hospital for resuscitation. Discourage the child from crying on the way and minimize bumps to reduce the gushing of eye contents. Wrong treatment: ① for the foreign body inserted into the eye in a hurry to pull out; ② the wound will emerge from a cloud of black uvea or peptide-like vitreous and other eye contents without permission to push back into the eye, which will cause infection; ③ one side of the eye trauma delayed treatment, but also affect the good eye, so that the good eye was not injured inflammation, medically known as sympathetic uveitis, resulting in an injury to both eyes blindness. 7, eye chemical burns eye by acid, alkali and other chemical liquid burns. Correct treatment: in situ, flush the eye with clean cool boiled water, tap water or saline, hold the eyelid open with your fingers, flush for at least 10 minutes, while allowing the child to repeatedly open and close the injured eye and turn the eye as much as possible. Flush to dilute the concentration of the chemical and send to the hospital for treatment immediately after flushing. Wrong treatment: The family does not immediately flush, but only calls “120” and waits for the ambulance to come, or carries the child directly to the hospital. There were two children, because of the grabbing acid bottle, the bottle exploded, while being burned eyes. One of the parents immediately rinsed the child’s eyes with tap water and then went to the hospital; the other parent ran to the hospital with the child in his arms. As a result, the self-rinsed eyes were saved, while the latter one ran to the hospital for too long and the acidic liquid hurt the eyes too much, resulting in cloudy corneas and damaged vision. 8, eye by firecracker explosions Most include extensive thermal burns inside and outside the eye, chemical burns and foreign body injuries inside and outside the eye and other serious and compound injuries, and even combined cranial, systemic injuries in other parts of the body, because today the firecracker explosive force is increasingly strong. Improper treatment, the consequences are unimaginable. Correct treatment: first of all, the injured person should be carefully removed from the eye, face dirt and gravel particles, etc., can be used to rinse the trauma with water. Water can not only remove dust and other small foreign bodies and blood, but also make the burned local tissues cool down, and remove the residual chemicals on the trauma surface to reduce further damage. If you encounter a small blood vessel rupture that triggers more than bleeding, you can use a clean gauze or towel to press hard on the wound to stop the bleeding before visiting the doctor. If the injury is serious, such as a ruptured eye or eye contents that have come out of the eye, the injured person is in great pain, the eyelid is highly swollen and bruised, and the eye cannot be opened, so do not force the eyelid open to check or remove the tissue that has come out of the eye. Wrong treatment: Eagerly picking the blisters on the surface of the skin or applying colored potions or ointments such as gentian violet to the wounded surface will not only increase the risk of infection, but will also make it difficult for the doctor to observe and judge the condition, make it more difficult to clear the wound, and bring more pain to the injured person.