If you are already fifty or sixty years old have you ever had such a problem, the doctor with a laboratory test frowned and said, poor kidney function, high blood lipids, you now have to light low-salt diet, can not eat salty; this blood sugar exceeds the standard, sweet eat less …… is not kidney disease patients have to be so “boring “to live the rest of their lives? Kidney disease patients should do the math before diet, adhere to long-term intake of adequate caloric energy, with high-quality (low) protein diet can both delay the progress of kidney disease, but also to avoid malnutrition. Balanced intake of calories, fats, proteins, vitamins and dietary fiber is essential to establish a balanced dietary pagoda for yourself. Cereals: Some cereals can be replaced by wheat starch. 55-65% of caloric energy comes from staple foods. For an elderly patient with a standard weight of 60 Kg, depending on age, activity level, etc., 30-35 kcal/kg of caloric energy is required per day, i.e., 1800-2100 kcal of total caloric energy should be supplied daily, of which staple food should be consumed 1080-1680 kcal (equivalent to 6-9 raw staple foods). For elderly people older than 80 years old, the caloric energy intake should be only 80% of normal. To limit the intake of vegetable protein, wheat starch can be used to replace some of the cereals. Wheat starch refers to cereals with vegetable protein removed, including wheat starch, rice starch, lotus root flour and corn flour. Foods with high caloric content and minimal protein, such as lotus root, cold noodles, vermicelli, potatoes, white potatoes, yams, taro and pumpkin, can also be used to replace some of the cereals. Fat: The daily intake of cooking oil is 20-25g of fat mostly refers to cooking oil, which is divided into vegetable oil and animal oil according to the different materials used. Vegetable oils are extracted from plants, including peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, sesame oil and blended oil, etc. are rich in unsaturated fatty acids. Animal oils refer to lard, butter and butter, etc., which are mainly saturated fatty acids. It is recommended that your daily cooking oil intake is 20-25g, and it is best to alternate between cooking oils of various materials and try to use a variety of vegetable oils. Protein: Calculate the intake according to the stage of kidney disease. The daily protein intake is often recommended based on the stage of chronic kidney disease, of which (glomerular filtration rate) GFR is the gold standard. The World Health Organization classifies kidney injury into 5 stages according to GFR values, but because of the insidious onset of kidney disease, patients in stage 3 and later are more common in the clinical population. Stage III patients have a moderate decrease in GFR, with values ranging from 30 to 59. Stage IV patients have a severe decrease in GFR, with values ranging from 15 to 29. Values <15 are considered stage V (renal failure stage). The amount of protein intake is 0.6g/Kg/day for stage III, 0.3-0.6g/Kg for stage IV, and 1.0-1.3g/Kg for stage V. Director Zhao Weihong recommends that patients distribute protein evenly and in moderation over three meals to avoid concentrating on one meal, which may increase the burden on the kidneys. . Patients or their family members can buy a "Food Composition Table" to learn more about the protein, carbohydrate and fat content of various foods, so as to help patients arrange their daily meals. Salt: Less than 5g of salt per day. Salt is an indispensable condiment in people's lives, but eating too much salt is the most harmful to the kidneys. Director Zhao Weihong warned all kidney patients to limit salt to <5g per day, never put salt shakers on the table, cook with less frying and more steaming, and do not add too much sugar to cooking, as this will reduce the saltiness of the dish and increase the salt intake. Use unsalted soy sauce or condiments such as sugar, vinegar, ginger and garlic in food, pay attention to the sodium content on food labels, and refuse all pickled products, etc. Water: Rare rice and noodles should also be counted. For patients with chronic kidney disease, liquids such as water, soup and porridge should also be counted as water intake, and its amount depends on the 24-hour urine volume. Under normal circumstances, the 24-hour urine volume of adults is between 1500-2000ml. If it is within this range, the general water does not need to be strictly limited in order to facilitate the excretion of body wastes. However, when the urine volume is <1000ml, or when there is swelling or increased heart burden, the daily water intake = daily urine volume + 500ml of water. Therefore, it is important for patients with chronic kidney disease to pay attention to and measure the amount of urine excreted every day in their normal life. If you want to eat thin rice or noodles also must not ignore the water it contains. Fruits: Be careful with fruits that are high in potassium. Fresh vegetables and fruits provide the body with antioxidant substances to resist diseases and delay aging. 2 to 3 kinds of fruits are recommended to be consumed daily, totaling 200-400g; 400-500g of vegetables. director Zhao reminds that the kidneys are the main way to remove potassium from the body, and kidney dysfunction will lead to potassium loss or retention. Patients who blindly eat fruits with high potassium, such as bananas and oranges, are prone to hyperkalemia, which may be life-threatening if it occurs, and patients are advised to monitor their blood potassium levels regularly. Avoid dark-colored vegetables when blood potassium is high. When cooking, scald them in boiling water and then stir-fry them in oil or mix them with oil, and eat less raw vegetables and vegetable soup. Avoid cantaloupe, cantaloupe, strawberries, dates, bananas and soup from canned fruit.