1.Popularize the knowledge of cancer prevention, advocate late marriage and less childbearing, women after marriage, especially women before and after menopause who have bleeding during sexual intercourse or abnormal menstruation, should seek timely medical treatment to exclude reproductive tract tumors.
All women aged 30-65 should have gynecological screening, which should be conducted once every 3-5 years for a total of about 9 times; if the test is always negative, the screening can be stopped after the age of 60; however, those with high incidence should be examined annually.
3. Cervical cytology examination.
TCT and HPV
Colposcopy or multi-block biopsy of the cervix.
4.Actively treat precancerous lesions to interrupt the occurrence of cervical cancer. Active treatment for patients with moderate cervical erosion or above.
Can cervical cancer be cross-infected?
No
However, patients with cervical cancer are associated with human papillomavirus infection (HPV). HPV infection was often considered as a type of sexual disease in the past, and studies have confirmed that 50% of HPV infection is transmitted due to sexual intercourse, while the other half is due to cross-infection. It is likely that HPV infection will eventually lead to cervical cancer. So, in a way, cervical cancer can also be seen as an infectious disease.
What should we do after being diagnosed with cervical cancer by a doctor?
Having cervical cancer is not a “death sentence”. We should take reasonable and effective treatment as soon as possible with the advice of our doctor. The common methods include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, etc. The prognosis for stage I cases without metastasis in lymph nodes is good, with a 5-year survival rate of 95%. The main causes of death in advanced cases are ① uremia: caused by tumor compression of bilateral ureters; ② bleeding: caused by cancer foci invading large blood vessels; ③ infection: local or systemic infection; ④ cachexia: death due to systemic metastasis of important organs or systemic failure.
When does it mean that there is already a risk of cervical cancer?
Generally, before the occurrence of cervical cancer, there is a period of pre-cancerous lesions, and it is very effective to treat them urgently at that time. The most common ones are as follows (you can often see such terms on cytology report forms and pathology report forms)
1. Cervical atypical hyperplasia: It refers to the replacement of some or most of the cervical epithelial cells by different degrees of heterogeneous cells. It is divided into 3 degrees: mild, moderate and severe. Among them, severe degree is not easily distinguished from cervical cancer.
2.Cervical warts: It refers to cervical lesions caused by human papilloma virus infection, with potential malignant ability.
3.CIN
Why is cervical cancer a preventable and curable disease?
Treatment of cervical lesions can effectively stifle their cancerous development. The continuous development of CIN → early invasive cancer → invasive cancer can be interrupted by treating precancerous diseases and precancerous lesions.
What is membrane-based ultra-thin cytology test (TCT)?
It is an advanced cervical cytology test that can detect precancerous lesions more accurately.
What are the applicable groups for TCT test?
1.Premature sexual life, multiple sexual partners or sexual partners with multiple sexual partners
2, oral contraceptives, smoking, multiple pregnancies and premature births, low socioeconomic status, malnutrition and sexual confusion of spouses
3, infection by various microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, ectoparasites and mycoplasma (especially infection by high-risk HPV viruses).
4, married women over 35 years old or those with family lesions.
5, endocrine disorders, low immune function, etc.
How to observe the leucorrhoea?
Normal leukorrhea is white and thin paste with no smell. In the middle of menstruation, leucorrhea may increase, resembling egg white, thin and transparent.
The leucorrhea is abnormal if it appears as follows.
(1) purulent leucorrhea, which is yellow or green in color and has a foul odor. It is common in trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, chronic cervicitis, vaginal foreign bodies, etc.
(2) bean curd-like leucorrhea, which is unique to mycosis fungoides and is often accompanied by vulvar itching.
(3) Bloody leucorrhea, i.e. leucorrhea mixed with blood. When this kind of leucorrhea occurs, one should be alert to the possibility of malignant tumors. For example, cervical cancer, uterine body cancer, etc. Some benign lesions can also appear this kind of leucorrhea. Such as cervical polyps, submucosal fibroids, and severe chronic cervicitis.
(4) Yellow leucorrhea is due to necrosis or degeneration of the diseased tissue. It is commonly seen in submucosal fibroids, cervical cancer, uterine body cancer, and fallopian tube cancer.